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Joints.

Published byCecil Fowler Modified over 5 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Joints."— Presentation transcript:

1 Joints

2 What is a Joint? A location where two bones make contact
Allow movement Provide support

3 Joint Classification Classified structurally and functionally

4 Joint Classification STRUCTURALLY Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial

5 Joint Classification FUNCTIONAL Synarthrosis Amphiartrosis Diarthrosis

6 Fibrous Joints Connected by dense connective tissue (collagen)
Fixed/immovable Skull

7

8 Cartilaginous Joints Connected only by cartilage Form growth regions
Spinal column Sternum

9 Synovial Joints Bones are separated by a cavity filled with fluid
There are 6 Gliding Condyloid Saddle Hinge Ball and socket Pivot

10 Gliding Smooth movement in many directions with a smooth surface
Hand and foot

11 Condyloid Irregular surface where bones are gliding past each other
Wrist

12 Saddle Two bones that fit together Bending motion Thumb

13 Hinge Form between 2 bones Flex and extend Elbow

14 Ball and Socket Allow stable movements in several directions
Bending in several directions Hip joint

15 Pivot Rotational motion occurs without gliding Heads range of motion

16

17 Bursae & Tendon Sheaths
Associated with synovial joints Bags of lubricant Located near tendons/ligaments/joints

18 Bunion Bunion- enlarged bursa at the base of the big toe, swollen from rubbing

19 Bursae & Tendon Sheaths
Tendon sheath- elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon Subject to friction

20 Joint Injuries Sprain Ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn

21

22 Joint Injuries Cartilage Injuries
Snap/pop of cartilage when working out Cartilage is avascular (cant repair itself)

23 Joint Injuries Dislocations Bones forced out of alignment
Subluxation- partial dislocation

24 Arthritis Over 100 different types Most widespread crippling disease
1/7 Americans

25 Osteoarthritis Most common chronic arthritis Related to aging
Enzymes break down cartilage Progresses slowly Aspirin, therapy

26

27 Rheumatoid Arthritis Arises between 40-50 Joint stiffness Flare-ups
Autoimmune (body attacks itself) Reaction is unknown (bacteria?)

28

29 Gouty Arthritis Uric acid levels rise and can’t be excreted properly
Bones can fuse and immobilize joint Patients need to control diet (promoting uric acid production)

30

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