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Warm-Up Using the graph bellow, answer the following questions:

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Presentation on theme: "Warm-Up Using the graph bellow, answer the following questions:"— Presentation transcript:

1 Warm-Up Using the graph bellow, answer the following questions:
1. What is happening over time? 2. What process are taking place? When? 3. What does our body do to compensate for O2?

2 ATP Production Aerobic Respiration

3 Quick Facts All things are made up of MATTER
Atoms have unique properties Molecules are a combination of two or more atoms Ex. O2, CO2, and H2O

4 Macromolecules Are a combination of two or more molecules
Ex. Monomers  Polymer Amino Acid Proteins Glucose Carbohydrates

5 Organelle’s Are a combination of many macromolecules
Which ones have we studied? Which organelle is responsible for making energy? Mitochondria

6

7 Goal? To Understand How We Make ENERGY
What powers up all the different functions in our body, starting with our organ systems, organs, tissue, cell, organelles and macromolecules?

8 ATP Adenosine Triphosphate Structure Phosphate bonds ATP is recyclable
Base, sugar, 3 phosphates Phosphate bonds Between two phosphates Contains energy Energy released when bond broken Energy stored when bond created ATP is recyclable

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10 Using ATP Cells use to build molecules and organelles Active transport
Movement (muscles) Heat Bioluminescence

11 Respiration Purpose – to produce ATP energy Formula
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2--> 6H2 O + 6CO2 + ATP energy Types Aerobic Anaerobic (Fermentation) Cellular Respiration Vs Systemic respiration

12 Stages of Aerobic Respiration

13 Glycolysis Occurs in Cytoplasm Energy Reactant Products
Uses 2 ATP to get started Produces 4 ATP (net gain?) Reactant glucose Products 2 pyruvic acids (pyruvate) 2 NADH Electron carrier Carries to ETC 2 ATP (net gain)

14 To the electron transport chain
Glycolysis Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid To the electron transport chain

15 Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
Occurs in matrix of mitochondria Energy Produces 2 ATP Reactant pyruvate Products 2 ATP 6 NADH 2 FADH2 CO2 (released when exhaled!)

16 Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain)
Occurs on inner membrane of the mitochondria Reactant NADH Oxygen Product H2O 32 ATP

17 Net Gain of Aerobic Respiration
36 ATP CO2 and H2O are waste products

18 Cellular Respiration (anaerobic)
What happens when cells don’t have enough oxygen? Some organisms live in an oxygen-free environment. How do they get their energy? The Kreb’s Cycle and Electron Transport Chain can’t function!! These are anaerobic conditions!!

19 Anaerobic Respiration: Fermentation
ATP Production Anaerobic Respiration: Fermentation

20 Anaerobic Respiration
Occurs in the Cytoplasm Glycolysis + Fermentation Purpose Recycle NAD+ Reactants Glucose Products 2 ATP

21 Types of Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation
Converts pyruvate into lactic acid Used by humans Used to make yogurt, cheese, chocolate, etc..

22 Types of Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation
Converts pyruvate into ethanol and CO2 Causes dough to rise

23 Cellular Respiration Flow Map
Glycolysis 2 ATP + 2 Pyruvate Fermentation (anaerobic) Lactic Acid Net ATP Gain=2 Alcoholic Ethanol + CO2 Krebs Cycle (Aerobic) 2 ATP & CO2 Electron Transport Chain H2O + 32 ATP Net ATP Gain=36 Glucose + 2 ATP Oxygen C6 H12 O6 + 6O2--> 6H2 O + 6CO2 + ATP energy


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