1. Independent and Dependent Clauses
What is the difference?
How can we find them?
When do we use them?

2. Conjunctions Join words, clauses, and phrases. Examples
Rob and I went to the movies.
She is good at singing and great at dancing.
We ordered pizza, but we couldn’t pay for it.

3. Conjunctions After If When Although Nor Whenever And As Or So Where
Wherever
Because
Since
While
Before
Though
Yet
But
For
Unless
Until
*coordinating are red

4. Subordinate Conjunctions
after although as because before even if even though if in order that
once provided that rather than since so that than that though unless
until when whenever where whereas wherever whether while why

5. Independent Clauses
Think of the Declaration of Independence! What did the colonists want? Independence from Great Britain! We wanted to be able to STAND ON OUR OWN!
Independent clauses CAN STAND ON THEIR OWN! They are complete sentences on their own!

6. Examples of Independent Clauses:
They lived on the tiny island
Our friends were extremely terrified
Their car was demolished
Computers are wonderful tools
The calendar needs to be updated
Mrs. Jackson will have our grades online

7. The jobs of a subordinate conjunction:
1- First, it provides a necessary transition between the two ideas in the sentence. This transition will indicate a time, place, or cause and effect relationship. Here are some examples:
1- We looked on top of the refrigerator, where Jenny will often hide a bag of
chocolate chip cookies.
2- Because her teeth were chattering in fear, Lynda clenched her jaw muscle
while waiting for her turn to audition.
2- The second job of the subordinate conjunction is to reduce the importance of one clause so that a reader understands which of the two ideas is more important. The more important idea belongs in the main clause, the less important in the clause introduced by the subordinate conjunction.
1- As Samson blew out the birthday candles atop the cake, he burned the tip
of his nose on a stubborn flame.
2- Ronnie begins to sneeze violently whenever he opens the door to greet a
fresh spring day.

8. Dependent Clauses /Subordinate
Dependent clauses do not make sense if they stand alone. They begin with a subordinating conjunction (if, so, when, after, because, before, while, until, since, etc.)
Dependent clauses CANNOT STAND ALONE! They require HELP!

9. Examples of Dependent Clauses
Since she was late to school today
Until we win the big game
After she travels to Europe
While we are speeding down the interstate
When I go to my old elementary school
If you like anchovies on your pizza

10. Grammar Practice
In your Grammar workbook, complete page 63 identifying Independent clauses.
We will check together and see how we did.
WE DO

13. Counting Clauses A new clause starts when a new subject is introduced.
Watch for conjunctions, but finding subjects and predicates is more reliable.
Example
` Since Doug studied, he did well on the test and was happy.

14. Compound Sentences
Compound sentences are formed when two independent clauses are joined with a comma and a conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so)
The two dogs barked at us viciously, so we quickly rode away from them!

15. Complex Sentences
Complex sentences are formed when one dependent clause and one independent clause are joined.
When I watch a football game, I get very loud sometimes.
I get very loud sometimes when I watch a football game.

16. Compound or Complex???
Her father went to the fall festival, and he won the most candy bars!
After we go to Kroger, we need to stop at the gas station.
My father enjoys farming because he has always been a hard worker.
Since he turned in the project late, his grade was lowered to a C.
Our class accumulated the most points, so we were awarded an extra recess.
I will go to the movie before I go shopping next weekend.
While he attends the football game, I am going to go shopping.
Their dog licked their face, but they didn’t seem to mind!
She wasn’t the fastest runner, yet she crossed the finish line first!