1. INTRODUCTION TO ANIMALS
Chapters 26-33

2. Animal Basics 4 Defining Characteristics Morphology (animal bodies)
Invertebrates versus vertebrates

3. 4 DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS:
1. eukaryotic, multi-cellular (no cell walls)
2. heterotrophic
3. sexual reproduction and development
4. movement

4. Morphology Symmetry Germ Layers Body Cavities Radial Bilateral
Endo, meso and ectoderm
Body Cavities
aka Coelem

5. Morphology (continued)
A closer look at bilateral body symmetry
Anatomy terms

6. Morphology (continued)
Cephalization – concentration of sensory and brain structures in anterior region

7. Morphology (continued)
A closer look at germ layers and body cavities
Animals are either
Acoelomates: no body cavity
Pseudocoelomates: false body cavity
Coelomates: true body cavity

9. Animals without Backbones
INVERTEBRATES
Animals without Backbones 3. 4. 5.

10. REVIEW: ANIMALS
CHARACTERISTICS: 1. 2. 3. 4.

11. REVIEW: ANIMALS CHARACTERISTICS:
1. eukaryotic, multi-cellular (no cell walls)
2. heterotrophic
3. sexual reproduction and development
4. movement

12. PORIFERA Phylum of _____________
Digestion, circulation, excretion, and
gas exchange by ___________________
Body support by ____________
No tissues
Sexual and asexual
reproduction
May have evolved from colonial
protists

13. PORIFERA Phylum of sponges Digestion, circulation, excretion, and
gas exchange by amebocytes
Body support by spongin
No tissues
Sexual and asexual
reproduction
May have evolved from colonial
protists

14. CNIDARIANS Jellyfish, coral, Hydra, sea anemone, sea fans
Polyp and medusa body forms
__________ symmetry
Tentacles with _________cells
____________cavity with one
opening for digestion
Simple ________ ___ in the outer epidermis to sense the environment
Asexual reproduction by ________and sexual reproduction

15. CNIDARIANS Jellyfish, coral, Hydra, sea anemone, sea fans
Polyp and medusa body forms
Radial symmetry
Tentacles with stinging cells
Gastrovascular cavity with one
opening for digestion
Simple nerve net in the outer epidermis to sense the environment
Asexual reproduction by budding and sexual reproduction

17. PLATYHELMINTHES Flatworms: planarian, tapeworm, and flukes
_____________ symmetry
_______________ cavity with 1 opening
True muscle tissue
Ganglia and ____________ nerve cords
Asexual fragmentation and
_____________ and sexual reproduction
Gas exchange by _______ through body wall
Acoelomate

18. PLATYHELMINTHES Flatworms: planarian, tapeworm, and flukes
Bilateral symmetry
Gastrovascular cavity with 1 opening
True muscle tissue
Ganglia and ventral nerve cords
Asexual fragmentation and
regeneration and sexual reproduction
Gas exchange by diffusion through body wall
Acoelomate

19. NEMATODA Roundworms: hookworm, pinworm,
heartworm, Trichinella, rotifers, soil
nematodes
________ digestive tract with mouth
and anus
________________ which transports
nutrients
Gas exchange through _______ body
wall
Sexual reproduction

20. NEMATODA Roundworms: hookworm, pinworm,
heartworm, Trichinella, rotifers, soil
nematodes
Complete digestive tract with mouth
and anus
Pseudocoelom which transports
nutrients
Gas exchange through moist body
wall
Sexual reproduction

21. ANNELIDA ______________ worms: earthworm, sandworm, and leech
Coelomate
________ circulatory system
Many body systems
_______ sets of muscles
Sexual reproduction; most are ________________

22. ANNELIDA Segmented worms: earthworm, sandworm, and leech Coelomate
Closed circulatory system
Many body systems
Two sets of muscles
Sexual reproduction; most are hermaphrodites

23. MOLLUSCA
Mollusks: snails, sea slugs; bivalves such as clams, scallops, oysters, and mussels; octopus, squid, and
chambered nautilus (cephalopods)
All have a __________ _____ and a
_____ that produces a shell in most species
_________ circulatory system
Gas exchange by _______ in mantle cavity in water forms or mantle cavity serves as a ________ in land forms

24. MOLLUSCA
Mollusks: snails, sea slugs; bivalves such as clams, scallops, oysters, and mussels; octopus, squid, and
chambered nautilus (cephalopods)
All have a muscular foot and a
mantle that produces a shell in most species
Open circulatory system
Gas exchange by gills in mantle cavity in water forms or mantle cavity serves as a lung in land forms

25. ARTHROPODA
Insects, crustaceans, spiders (Arachnids), centipedes, millipedes
___________of protein and chitin; _____ appendages
_________ circulatory system
________________ tubules in insects and
arachnids remove liquid wastes
____________ _______and/or book lungs
in terrestrial forms; gills in aquatic
species for gas exchange
_______eyes and antennae in many forms
Sexual reproduction with separate sexes and _____________ fertilization

26. ARTHROPODA
Insects, crustaceans, spiders (Arachnids), centipedes, millipedes
Exoskeleton of protein and chitin; jointed appendages
Open circulatory system
Malpighian tubules in insects and
arachnids remove liquid wastes
Tracheal tubes and/or book lungs
in terrestrial forms; gills in aquatic
species for gas exchange
Compound eyes and antennae in many forms
Sexual reproduction with separate sexes and internal fertilization

27. IDENTIFY EACH PICTURE AS TO TYPE OF ARTHROPOD2. 3. 1. . 5. 6. 4. 9. 8. 7.

28. IDENTIFY EACH PICTURE AS TO TYPE OF ARTHROPOD
crustacean
arachnid
centipede
crustacean
insect
millipede
insect
crustacean
arachnid

30. ECHINODERMATA
Besides the chordates, this phylum contains the only invertebrates that are ___________________
Examples include sea stars, sand dollar, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sea
lilies, brittle star, sea biscuit
_________ skinned animals
Unique ________ _________ system
Secondary _________ symmetry with no segmentation

31. ECHINODERMATA
Besides the chordates, this phylum contains the only invertebrates that are deuterostomes
Examples include sea stars, sand dollar, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sea
lilies, brittle star, sea biscuit
Spiny skinned animals
Unique water vascular system
Secondary radial symmetry with no segmentation

32. INVERTEBRATES Animals without Backbones
Check your answers from slide 1, then correct any
that were wrong and add the phylum name. 3. 4. 5.

33. INVERTEBRATES Invertebrate Web Quest
Click on the picture below to begin.