1. Animal Kingdom Invertebrates Animals without a backbone

3. All organisms in this kingdom have these common characteristics: Multicellular Eukaryotes No cell wall- unlike fungi, plants, bacteria Heterotrophs– consumers Have Specialized Cells- unlike protists

4. Asymmetry – no symmetry Radial symmetry - can cut in equal halves-more than one way Bilateral symmetry – allows for development of brain region in a central location (head) Body Plans

5. Asymmetrical body

6. Radial Symmetry

7. Bilateral Symmetry

8. Has a head (dorsal) end and a Tail (caudal) end. Has a right and left side. Has a front (anterior) and a Back (posterior) side.

9. Development of Organisms Develop from a single cell, the zygote Mitosis forms new cell in a process called cleavage A hollow ball of cells are formed called a blastula Gastrulation is the folding in of the blastula to form two layers These two layers are the ectoderm and the Endoderm.

11. Ectoderm develops into skin and nervous tissue Endoderm develops into the lining of the digestive tract and organs associated with digestion In some animals the gastrula forms a mesoderm Mesoderm is the third layer and develops into muscles, circulatory, excretory, and respiratory systems Development

12. Acoelom- do not have a body cavity, organs are imbedded in tissues Pseudocoelom -(partial) a body cavity partly lined with mesoderm Coelom- a body cavity that provides space for the development of internal organs (something for muscles to push against to move) Body Cavities

15. Phylum Porifera PHYLUM: PORIFERA Pore-bearing animals sponges

16. Sessile - do not move Asymmetrical No tissue (Only organized cells – 2 cell layers) No mouth Hermaphrodite Porifera Characteristics:

17. Body plan: 2 cell layers skeleton of spicules (spines)

20. Sexual – release sperm into water (external fertilization very common in aquatic animals) Hermaphroditism – sponges have sperm AND eggs to increase the odds of reproduction Offspring can swim to a new location Asexual fragmentation also possible

22. PHYLUM: Cnidarians Stinging cell animals Jellyfish, coral, sea anemonea

23. Evolution of Radial Symmetry Extends tentacles equally in all directions (increase food uptake)

25. Characteristics: Stinging cells 3 cell layers Mouth, gut for digestion Nerve net throughout body 2 body forms

27. Reproduces sexually and asexually Skeleton-none present, but dead coral remains are calcium carbonate

29. PHTLUM: Platyhelminthes The flatworms Planeria, tapeworms, flukes

30. Characteristics: No coelom – Why? Many are parasitic O 2 and sugar are absorbed in host’s intestine Bilateral symmetry Reproduction-most are hermaphrodites

31. Tapeworm

35. PHYLUM: Nematoda Roundworms hookworm, heartworms

36. Characteristics: Smooth, non-segmented body Pseudocoelom (moves more) Can burrow through skin (walking around barefoot) Also enters through contaminated food

37. Bilateral symmetry Complete digestive system with mouth and anus Sexual reproduction. Sexes seperate Oxygen enters by diffusion

38. Hookworms, Pinworms, Tapeworms that were removed from a Brazilian boy treated on a Rockefeller foundation mission (early 1900’s) These parasites still affect people all over the globe.

40. Roundworms Roundworms Dirofilaria is a roundworm that causes heartworm disease in dogs

43. PHYLUM: Annelid Segmented Worms earthworms, leeches, sea slugs

44. Characteristics: Bilateral symmetry Full Coelom (full range of motion, complex organs inside) Complete digestion system Most are hermaphrodites with sexual reproduction

46. Gets O 2 directly from moist skin closed circulatory system with 5 hearts to deliver Food – blood (leeches), or dirt (earthworms)

47. Swallow dirt, filter out food Loosen soil, helps to aerate soil for plants Also fertilizes plants with castings (poop)

48. PHYLUM:Mollusks Head-footed animals Clams, snails, squid, oysters, octopus

52. Characteristics: Bilateral symmetry Getting food – filter feeders (clams), grazers (snails), predators (slugs) Getting O 2 – gills in aquatic mollusks, primitive lung in snails Open or closed circulatory system

53. PHYLUM:Arthropods Jointed legged animals Spiders, insects, crabs, millipeds Four main classes within this HUGE phylum: 1.Arachnids 2.Crustaceans 3.Centipedes / millipedes 4.Insects

61. PHYLUM: Echinoderm Spiny Skinned Animal Star fish, sea urchin, sea cucumber

62. Characteristics: Radial symmetry Mouth on ventral side of body Marine Reproduction: sexes separate, external, forms pelagic (free-floating) larvae Water vascular system with tube-feet Can regenerate lost body parts