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Operant Conditioning Cont…

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Presentation on theme: "Operant Conditioning Cont…"— Presentation transcript:

1 Operant Conditioning Cont…
Second Hour – What are some extensions of operant conditioning? Extensions of Operant Conditioning Primary and secondary reinforcers Negative and positive reinforcement/punishment Therapies based on the different types of punishment and reinforcement How do operant and classical conditioning differ? Classical and operant conditioning – a comparison

2 Primary reinforcers: Stimuli such as food and water that organisms find naturally reinforcing because they satisfy biological needs. (Not to be confused with unconditioned stimuli) Secondary reinforcers or conditioned reinforcers: Stimuli like money or tokens that take on reinforcing properties through their association with primary reinforcers. Can also include concepts like praise or feedback that take on reinforcing properties through learning. (Not to be confused with conditioned stimuli)

3 Basic paradigms of punishment and reinforcement in operant conditioning:
What event followed the response? Stimulus was presented Stimulus was removed Response will increase What will happen to the response? +Rf -Rf Response will decrease + Punishment Punishment (extinction)

4 Therapies based on positive reinforcement
Treatment for anorexia Treatment for social interaction Therapies based on negative reinforcement Aversion therapy and phobia maintenance Therapies based on negative punishment Time out Therapies based on positive punishment Aversive therapy

5 Classical Operant Conditioned stimuli, unconditioned stimuli, conditioned response, unconditioned response Reinforcers and punishment Primary and secondary reinforcers, +/- reinforcement, +/- punishment, Sd, R, Srf Presentation of CS-US Schedules of reinforcement Elicited response Emitted response Reflexive response Voluntary response Response comes after presentation of CS Response comes before reward Old behaviour in response to a new stimulus (salivation to a bell) New behaviour (lever pressing) Extinction (remove US) Extinction (remove reinforcer) Contingency and contiguity US contingent on CS CS and US must be contiguous Reward contingent on behaviour Behaviour and reward must be contiguous

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