1. Class Starter
Consider Patrick Henry’s Speech to the Second Virginia Convention. What “specifically” does Henry say that corresponds with the following quote by Benjamin Franklin?
“They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.”
~~Benjamin Franklin

2. Quick Review 1. Give one example of ethos from Henry’s speech.
2. Give one example of an allusion.
3. Give one example of logos.
4. Give an example of rhetorical question.
5. Give one example of pathos.

3. Thomas Paine
From The Crisis, No. 1

4. Thomas Paine By the age of 12, Thomas had failed out of school
Began apprenticing for his father, but failed.
At age 19, Paine went to sea. This adventure didn't last too long.
By 1768 he found himself as a (tax) officer in England but was discharged.
Met Benjamin Franklin, who helped him emigrate to Philadelphia.
His career turned to journalism
Produced The American Crisis ( ), which helped inspire the Army.
This pamphlet was so popular that as a percentage of the population, it was read by or read to more people than today watch the Super Bowl.

5. The Crisis
A series of sixteen pamphlets published irregularly over a period of seven years (1776–1783)
• The Crisis, No. 1 was published on December 23, 1776.
• Written while he was serving as an enlisted soldier in the Continental army
• Designed to boost morale among patriots in the early years of the war with Great Britain
• George Washington ordered that The Crisis, No. 1 be read to the troops (it is credited with turning the tide of the war), and soon all Americans had the opportunity to read it

6. Begin Reading

7. Reading Comprehension
How does Paine try to persuade the colonists not to shrink from tough struggle ahead?
What reasons does Paine give to persuade the colonists that all is not lost, even after the recent defeats?
What powerful emotional appeal does Paine use here to convince Americas that they must get rid of foreign domination?
What mistake did America make regarding military strategy?
What does Paine suggest be done with the Tories, the colonists who sympathize with the British?
Paine says he brings reason to the colonists’ ears. Which of his arguments here are based on reason? Which are emotional?
What final emotional and logical appeals does Paine use to persuade his readers to maintain the struggle and not give up?

8. Individual work
Give one example of allusion, ethos, pathos and logos from Thomas Paine’s The Crisis.
Write 1 ½ page response for the following:
Do you believe that we have become an “arrogant and lazy society” unwilling to work for our goals, waiting on a handout, or believing that we should be automatically “given” our wants and desires? Explain your opinion using the following quotes to either strengthen your argument or for refutation.
“We have confused the free with the free and easy.”
~~Adlai E. Stevenson
"Liberty means responsibility. That is why most men dread it." -- George Bernard Shaw