1. Thomas Paine By: Madison Nicolais, Meg Harris, and Collie Holt

2. Background Information o Born in Norfolk on February 9, 1737 o Immigrated to the colonies in 1774 because Benjamin Franklin advised him to o Had a short and basic education o Became one of the founding fathers of America o Signer of the Declaration of Independence o All his proceeds went to the revolutionary war effort.

3. Major Literary Works o Common Sense (1776): Paine’s call to arms for America o The American Crisis (1776-77): “These are the times that try men’s souls” o The Rights of Man (1791-92): Paine’s reply to an attack on the French Revolution by Edmund Burke o Age of Reason (1794, 1796): Paine’s biting criticism of the Bible and religion.

4. The American Crisis o The purpose of the American Crisis was to boost the moral of the soldiers. o Contributed greatly because during the time it was published the American spirit towards the war and the faith that we would win was very dim. – example: What we obtain to cheap, we esteem to lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing it values (The American Crisis No. 1) o Another example that Paine gives in the pamphlet of our ability to win is he claims that go is still with the solders and America by saying “that God Almighty will not give up a people to military destruction, or leave them unsupported to perish, who have so earnestly and so repeatedly sought to avoid the calamities of war o Genre- pamphlet

5. Paine… A Hero of the Revolutionary War? “These are the times that try men’s soul’s. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of his country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman”. The American Crisis was neither the beginning nor the end of Paine’s involvement in the Revolution. Prior to this, he edited and wrote several pieces for the Pennsylvania Magazine and he wrote the famous pamphlet, Common Sense. Common sense was Paine’s federalist view of why the colonies should go to war. He made his reasons sound like common sense Served in Washington’s army and contributed the little he had. said that he had “a passion of patriotism” (Whitman, page 630) He contributed to the war greatly but was a war hero because of his pamphlet Common Sense which urged the people to fight on and The American Crisis which would boost the morale of the soldiers and keep the rest of the Country fighting.

6. Synecdoche- a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole or the whole for a part, the special for the general or the general for the special, as in ten sail for ten ships. How does Paine combine reason with emotional appeal? - Convinced people politically by toying with their emotions

7. Arguments/Reasons Paine offers in The American Crisis No.1 - This is the time to step up - God will not abandon us (p.39) - We have Washington (p.41) -Tories are not brave (p.41) -Liberty will never die (p. 42) -We have chances of success (p.42)

8. Paine after the Revolution Fell out of graces with American community after his letter to Washington. Left for France and returned during second great awakening. Liked by few because of the his Letter to Washington. Died at age 72 on June 8, 1809. He was hated by most and only 6 people attended his funeral.

9. www.connecticutsar.org/patriots/painethoma s.htm www.connecticutsar.org/patriots/painethoma s.htm www.dictionary.refrence.com/browse/synecd ouch. www.dictionary.refrence.com/browse/synecd ouch The American Crisis