1. Chapter 16.2-16.3: War Rages On Using Guided Workbook Notes Pg 63-64
EQ: What was life like for Civil War soldiers, and what casualties did BOTH the Union and Confederacy suffer?

2. Who Fought men between 18-30 years of age
farmers made up largest group of soldiers
rarely traveling away from fields, many saw enlisting as an exciting adventure
most soldiers were US born, though immigrants served too
African Americans not allowed to fight for either side, but eventually North allows them to sign up

3. How They Were Trained slept in tents holding 2-20 men
Union and Confederate soldiers elected their company officers
Company = A unit, or group, of men
Had a set schedule including drills, guard duty, cutting wood, digging trenches, and cleaning
Uniforms (Union = Blue, Confederate = Gray hard to find proper fitting uniforms
When possible they rationed beef or salt pork, flour, vegetables, and coffee

4. Union (North) Uniforms

5. Confederate (South)
Uniforms

6. What Hardships They Endured
soldiers in field usually wet, muddy and cold
living outdoors
unsanitary, smelled of garbage, latrines, and disease
often went weeks without bathing or washing clothes
bodies, clothes, and bedding infested with lice, and fleas
sickness due to poor hygiene spread, most had chronic diarrhea and other stomach issues
doctors, not knowing about germs, failed to wash their hands or instruments

7. Hardships

8. How New Technology Affected Soldiers
Rifles that used mini balls contributed to high casualty rate in Civil War
Minié ball= Bullet with hollow base, that expands upon firing to into grooves of rifle barrel.
Becomes more accurate, went farther than old-fashioned muskets
Ironclads=warships covered with iron, were big improvement over wooden ships

9. Damage
caused
by Minié Ball

10. What Victories Did The Union Win?
Union General Ulysses S. Grant helped to take over Tennessee, capturing two vital river forts, using Ironclads
Union controlled Mississippi River far South as Northern Alabama
Union Generals Grant and Sherman, lead Union soldiers to a victory in the Battle of Shiloh in Tennessee
Union fleet, led by David Farragut captured city of New Orleans (largest city in South)
Union well on its way to achieving goal of cutting the Confederacy in two

11. What Victories Did The Confederacy Win?
Confederate General Robert E. Lee lead confederates to victory in Seven Days’ Battles in Virginia while defending Richmond the Confederacy’s capital
Won the Second Battle of Bull Run in Virginia, forcing Union troops completely back up to Washington
Lee invades North, entering Maryland - thought a victory on Northern soil would force Lincoln to talk peace

12. A Closer Look at Shiloh Head of Union Forces
Ulysses S. Grant and William Sherman
Ulysses S. Grant
William Sherman

13. A Closer Look at Shiloh Head of Confederate Forces
Albert S. Johnston, until he dies in battle, then command passed to General Pierre Beauregard
Albert S. Johnston
Pierre Beauregard

14. A Closer Look at Shiloh Outcome of Battle
Union Victory

15. A Closer Look at Shiloh Important Facts
Union casualties = 13,000 (1/4 of those who fought)
Confederate casualties = 11,000
Bloodiest battle thus far of Civil War
General Sherman quote: “The scenes on this field would have cured anybody of war”

16. A Closer Look at Antietam Head of Union Forces
George McClellan

17. A Closer Look at Antietam Head of Confederate Forces
Robert E. Lee

18. A Closer Look at Antietam Outcome of Battle
No true winner, however North (Union) claims victory in Maryland battle after Confederate General Lee withdraws to Virginia

19. A Closer Look at Antietam Important Facts
Bloodiest day in all of American history
Over 25,000 dead or wounded after one day
Union General McClellan does not follow Confederate General Lee into Virginia, missing chance to finish off crippled Southern army
Lincoln fires McClellan over situation