1. The Foundation of the American Nation
Colonization and Exploration of the North American Continent

2. Early Exploration

3. England England was one of the major powers in the 1700s.
The English (British) empire was extending itself all around the globe.
England had interests in Africa, Asia, South America and North America (as well as Europe).

4. British Colonies in North America
Roanoke was the 1st English colony in the new World (Virginia) est 1585 (aka ‘Lost Colony’)
Jamestown was the 1st permanent English colony in Virginia 1607.
Colonies began forming all up and down the North American coastline.

5. British Colonies Continued
New England …Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island
(NE colonies are examples of direct democracy…town meetings)
Middle Colonies …New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Southern Colonies …Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
NE, Middle, and Southern Colonies were different in respect to land and resources!

6. Southern Colonies
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
The New England
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Connecticut
Rhode Island

7. Southern Colonies
The colonist lived among the Native Americans. They were able to show them haw to farm and live off the land
The southern colonies were the source of many natural resources…especially tobacco and cotton.
Labor (human work) was needed to help cultivate the land.
What did the southern colonies begin to use???????

8. Social Structure
In the early years the labor supply came primarily from indentured servants. They agreed to work for a landowner for a period of four to seven years in return for passage to America, food, and housing. They became FREE after their time was served.
In the 1600s an increased demand for labor in Europe reduced the number of people willing to emigrate. Slavery was born. Slaves were used to meet the demand for labor in the American colonies.
In the beginning they tried to use Native Americans, but they knew the land well and would run away.
They turned to another source….

9. The Institution of Slavery
The first slaves were brought to Jamestown, VA in Originally they were treated as indentured servants and some won their freedom. This changed QUICKLY, and soon all British colonies had slaves
Cheap labor
Could survive the conditions
The highest concentration of slavery was in the South. Plantation system
The Slave Trade thrived. West Africans were kidnapped/P.O.Ws and forced onto ships that would carry them across the Atlantic Ocean
The Triangular Trade Route
Europe
West Africa
North America
The toughest part was called “The Middle Passage”

10. Slavery in the Southern Colonies
The Middle Passage
The Triangular Trade Route

11. Middle Passage/Slave Ships The Voyage from Africa to the Americas that slaves were forced to take.

12. E Pluribus Unum
“Out of many….One”
People from all around the globe were beginning to come to the Americas…many reasons including…
Religious freedom
Political freedom
Economic opportunities
When we come together as one group (Americans), we are demonstrating the Melting Pot Idea.

13. English Colonization
Since England had her fingers all around the world, problems quickly came about.

14. Economic Growth
The colonies operated under a system of Mercantilism: The British would use the colonist raw materials (Cheap prices) and then sell the products to other countries for more.
Import more than you Export= Favorable balance of trade!
Joint-Stock
Most colonies
Investing in the colony
Proprietary Colonies
> Single Ownership
Four Classifications
of Colonies
Royal Charters
King granted ownership
Self-governing
Allowed to manage own affairs in the colonies
>Supervised by the “governor”

15. Life in the Colonies-politics
In New England, male landowning residents of a town would hold Town Meeting, this was one of the earliest forms of democracy. They decided on laws, policy, and action= Consent of the Governed

16. Life in the Colonies Education:
The difference in the regional geographic of the land played a huge difference in the was school was administered and looked upon.
Education:
Northern towns usually had a central school centered around the church
Southern towns were further apart and students did not regularly attend school, just worked on the farms.
Wealthy plantation owners had their children privately tutored.

17. Life in the Colonies-Religion
many were coming to the new world for
religious freedom but Religion was still had
a huge impact in the people.
Salem Witch Trials-in Massachusetts 1692 for people who did not conform with the church.

18. Salem Witch Trials-in Over 150 people were arrested and imprisoned
Two courts convicted twenty-nine people of the capital felony of witchcraft
- Nineteen of the accused,
* fourteen women five men, were hanged
* One man (Giles Corey) who refused to enter a plea was crushed to death under heavy stones in an attempt to force him to do so.

19. Life in the Colonies-Religion
First Great Awakening- religious movement that swept across the American colonies that said Americans needed a spiritual rebirth.
Nationalism-loyalty to a group
(i.e. your country)

20. Problems in the Colonies
When you have problems with someone what do you do?
Bacon’s Rebellion…
High taxes and low tobacco prices also caused problems in the colonies. Nathaniel Bacon and his men burned Jamestown.