2. Protestant Reformation

3. Poll Reform is always good and allows civilization to advance.
A. Agree
B. Disagree

4. Prelude to Reformation
During the second half of the fifteenth century, adherents of Christian humanism sought to reform the Catholic Church.
Christian humanists believed that humans could improve themselves and thus improve society.
Desiderius Erasmus thought that external forms of medieval religion such as pilgrimages, fasts, and relics were unnecessary and that inner piety derived from religious philosophy was more important.

5. Erasmus sought to reform within the Catholic Church not break away from it
“Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched.”

6. Causes
Merchant wealth challenges the church’s view of usury (money lending)
German and English nobility disliked Italian domination of the Church
The Church’s great political power and wealth cause conflict

7. Church corruption and the sale of indulgences were widespread and caused conflict
Renaissance Popes were more concerned about Italian politics and worldly affairs
Parish priests seemed ignorant of their spiritual duties
Church sale of indulgences to raise money

8. Martin Luther Believed in salvation by faith alone
Offended by monk Johann Tetzel’ s selling of indulgences to build St. Peter’s Basilica

9. On October 31, 1517, Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg
Luther did not want to break away from the Church, only to reform it

10. Luther’s three main demands
Salvation by faith alone
The Bible is the ultimate authority
All humans are equal before God

11. In 1521, Luther was excommunicated for attempting to get German princes to overthrow the papacy and establish a reformed German church.

12. The Edict of Worms made Luther an outlaw, and his works were banned.
Lutheranism was the first Protestant faith.

13. Exit Ticket The publication of Martin Luther’s Ninety-five Theses
was immediately seen as a threat by local businesses.
attacked the abuses in the sale of indulgences, beginning the Protestant Reformation.
was largely ignored until decades after Luther’s death.
was distributed first in England.

14. How did Luther outline his grievances with the Catholic Church?
Edict of Worms
Wittenburg Policy
Ninety-five Theses
indulgences

15. Which of the following was the best known of all Christian humanists?
Desiderius Erasmus
Martin Luther
Filippo Brunelleschi
Albrecht Dürer