1. Articulations

2. Articulations (Joints)
Articulations – Where bones MEET and MOVE
Classified by function
Synarthrosis (Immovable)
Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)
Diarthrosis - (synovial or freely movable joints)

3. Synathrosis (no movement)
Sutures
Bones of the skull

4. Amphiarthroses (Slightly Movable)
Fibrous joint connected by ligament
Ex. Distal articulation between tibia and fibula
Symphysis
Bones joined by disk of fibrocartilage
Ex. Vertebrae, between pubic bones
Cartilaginous
Connection between rib and sternum

5. Angular Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints
Angular Motion
Flexion – reduces angle between articulating elements
Extension - increases angle between articulating elements
Adduction – moving towards midline
Abduction – moving away from midline
Circumduction – loop motion

6. Rotational Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints

7. Special Movements Inversion- turns sole of foot inward (opp-eversion)
Dorsiflexion- ankle flexion (plantar flexion pointed toe)
Opposition – grasping (thumb/fingers toward hand)
Protraction - move anterior across horizontal plane (opp retraction)
Elevation – move superior (opp depression)

8. Structural Classification of Synovial Joints
Gliding – flat surfaces slide past one another
Ends of clavicles
Between carpals & tarsals
Between vertebrae
Hinge – angular movement in a single direction
Occipital bone and atlas
Elbow, knee, ankle
Interphalangeal joints
Pivot – permit rotation only
Atlas and axis
Proximal radius and ulna
Ellipsodial – angular motion occurs in 2 planes
Radius w/proximal carpals
Phalanges w/metacarpals (and metatarsals)
Saddle- permits angular motion but prevents rotation
thumb
Ball and socket - round head rests within depression
Shoulder and hips

9. Double Jointed?

10. Can you do this?