1. It’s all about what you find
Exploration
It’s all about what you find

2. Reasons Expand Trade Routes to find more spices, silk, tea
Find easier ways to get to the “east”
Spread Christianity
Make sure everyone was “able to” follow the “right ways to worship”

3. How do we go “around the world”? Navigation Improvements

4. New Ships Sails were made to go with and against the winds
This enables the ships to go faster and slow down when necessary
One sail was triangular
Two sails were square

5. New navigational devices
Compass
Helps guide sailors/travelers by using a “magnetic tool” which always points north.
Sailors used to use the North Star because it is the only star that never moves in the sky.

6. Helps sailors/travelers guide themselves along the horizon
Astrolabe
Helps sailors/travelers guide themselves along the horizon

7. Naval Schools Portugal – leader in naval schools
Prince Henry – leader of Portugal
Schools taught:
Most knowledgeable sailors
Map makers
Shipbuilders
Scientists

8. Control over Exploration & the New World
Portugal vs Spain
Both countries fought over control of the new found lands and routes
Result……….

9. Treaty of Tordesillas
The dispute was settled with this treaty between Spain and Portugal
Line of demarcation (imaginary line)
Split up the new world (Central & South America) into two areas: Spanish & Portuguese
Spain – controlled the western areas
Portugal – controlled the eastern areas

10. England & France….?
Prime reason to explore……find a Northwest Passage to China
They explored the Northeast region of what is today the US (Maine, NH, VT, MA, NY, NJ, etc) as well as the eastern coast (13 colonies of England)
They also controlled areas of Canada

11. Results: Each country built an empire somewhere in the New World
Controlled the area as well as the people
Gained power through land holdings and raw materials they found throughout the areas they controlled.

12. Portugal Built a large trading empire
Took over Brazil and other smaller areas in South America
Didn’t last long
Political problems led to…..
Spanish – took over the Portuguese gov’t
Dutch – took over the spice trade

13. Spain Established colonies in Central & South America
Conquered Incas and Aztecs

14. England Settled in North America
Jamestown, VA – 1st official and successful settlement
Settlers looked for new ways of life and more freedom (including religious freedom)
British East India Company helped control trade in India

15. France Samuel de Champlain – 1st French settler in the New World
Mainly fur traders
Controlled the Mississippi River and Louisiana (New Orleans port)
Not many settlers stayed (not a large French population)

16. Netherlands Strong trading nation Took over Portuguese spice trade
Dutch East Indies Company (private company with a charter and special trading rights)
Settled islands on the coast of South America and “bought” Manhattan from the Natives (later sold it to England/colonists)