1. Healing the Wounds of War

2. I. Life in America after WWII
G.I. Bill
1. Government Issued (GI) was a nickname for members of the armed forces.
2. PURPOSES OF G.I. BILL
- Help returning war make a smooth re-entry into civilian life.
- Provide money to veterans for college
- Help veterans in finding a job
- Provide veterans with loans to buy a home, a farm, or a business.

3. Baby Boom ( )
1. Drastic rise in the birthrate.
2. Lasted two decades following the war.

4. II. Politics in Postwar America
Presidential Election of 1948
- Truman blamed for post-war inflation
- Republican Congress did not like Democrat
Truman
- Truman wins Election of 1948

5. B. The Fair Deal
- Name of Truman’s plan for America
- Few of Truman’s programs are passed by
Congress

7. III. Trying to Build a Better World
A. United Nations (UN): Many countries wanted to prevent a third World War nations created the Charter or plan.

8. “The Iron Curtain Falls on Europe”
The Cold War Begins
“The Iron Curtain Falls on Europe”

9. I. Why did the U.S. not get along with the Soviets?
A. Different Economies 1. U.S. - Free Enterprise 2. Soviet Union - Communism B. Different Governments 1. U.S. - Democracy, Republic 2. Soviet Union - Communism, dictatorship * Stalin would not let Poland have independent/free elections

10. C. PROBLEMS
1. Stalin would not let Poland have independent/free elections as he had promised
2. Stalin was upset because the U. S. and allies did not launch an immediate invasion of Europe during the beginning of WWII.
3. Soviets were mad because the A-bomb was kept secret.

11. The U.S. wanted to: Democracy Communism
The Soviets wanted to:
Encourage
Democracy
Communism
Get raw materials & new markets for industry
Take industrial equip. from Eastern Europe to repair factories
Stabilize Europe for new markets for industry
Control Eastern Europe to balance power against U.S.
Reunited Germany
Keep Germany divided and weak

12. II. Cold War (1940’s – 1991) A. The Superpowers: United States (US)
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

13. B. Truman Doctrine: 1. Beginning of US containment policy to keep communism from spreading in Europe and Asia 2. Provide economic ($) aid to struggling countries (Greece & Turkey) C. Marshall Plan: 1. Help countries of Europe rebuild after WWII 2. Stop threat of the spread of Communism in Europe

14. Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan
Video Clip:
Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan

15. D. The Iron Curtain: (Churchill Speech) - imaginary line dividing Communist countries from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War.

17. RED: Warsaw Pact Countries also called Eastern Bloc Countries
BLUE: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Countries (NATO)
GREY: Neutral Military Countries
DARK GRAY: Communist but Independent of Eastern Block Countries
Albania: Independent of Soviet Union but close ties to Communist China

18. E. H-Bomb: 1. Hydrogen Bomb 2
E. H-Bomb: 1. Hydrogen Bomb 2. H-Bomb gets its power from fusing together of hydrogen atoms * same method as stars and the sun

19. 3. Both US and USSR developed own H-Bombs

20. F. Sputnik: 1. 1957: 1st satellite to orbit the Earth - launched by the Soviet Union

21. Sputnik: (Continued) 2. Beginning of the “space race” - 1st to conquer space? - 1st man on the moon and back safely? 3. Beginning of “arms race” - Out do each other with weapons : Congress funds NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration - To compete with Soviet space program

22. G. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 1947 MISSION: - to collect information and spy on foreign governments.

23. H. U-2 Crash: (May 1960) 1. American U-2 spy plane shot down over the USSR 2. Very embarrassing for the U.S.

25. Video Clip:
U 2 Crash

26. III. East and West Germany
A. West Germany 1. The three sections controlled by the U.S., Great Britain, and France 2. Became one independent country in a. Capital: Bonn

27. B. East Germany 1. Controlled by the USSR 2
B. East Germany 1. Controlled by the USSR 2. Berlin: divided into East and West Berlin. a. West was controlled by the U.S., GB, and France. b. East was controlled by the USSR.

28. C. The Crisis in Berlin (page 469) 1
C. The Crisis in Berlin (page 469) 1. Soviets had a problem with the idea that a “free” western style of government and economy was in a Soviet zone.

29. 2. Soviets blocked roads, rail, and river traffic into “free” West Berlin. 3. Western leaders decided to fly supplies into West Berlin. 4. This became known as the Berlin airlift.

30. Video Clip:
Berlin Airlift

31. IV. NATO (1949) p470
North Atlantic Treaty Organization - Military alliance among several Western European Countries and the U.S.

32. PURPOSE OF NATO - Military alliance to prevent attack by the Communists

34. V. Warsaw Pact (1955)
- Military alliance between the USSR and the Eastern European Countries.

35. The Second Red Scare

36. I. Growing Fear of Communism
A. American Fears 1. Soviet Union has an atomic weapon. 2. Communists gain control of China. - China was the most populous country in the world.

37. B. China after WWII 1. Chiang Kai-Shek a
B. China after WWII 1. Chiang Kai-Shek a. nationalist leader of China during and after WWII. b. fled to Taiwan once the Communist party gained control in China

38. 2. Mao Zedong: Communist that overthrew Kai-Shek by 1949.

39. II. Fighting the Spread of Communism at Home
A. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) 1. investigated of radical groups in the U.S. 2. focused on the threat of communism in the U.S. 3. Hollywood: had many communist in it - “Blacklisted”: could not be hired.

40. Video Clip:
Red Scare and HUAC

41. - Hollywood Ten: writers and directors who were thought to be radicals and were called before HUAC. B. The Rosenberg Trial: - Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were tried and executed for leaking A-bomb secret information to the Soviets. - They were executed in 1953

42. Alger Hiss & Rosenberg Trial
Video Clip:
Alger Hiss & Rosenberg Trial

43. C. Sen. J. McCarthy: - helped create a national fear and hatred of communism.

44. - McCarthyism: tactic of spreading fear and making baseless charges against people

45. Video Clip:
MacCarthyism