Do Now Pick up the cartoon below and answer the following questions:

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1 Do Now Pick up the cartoon below and answer the following questions:
What are 3 things you notice about this cartoon? What are 2 symbols you recognize? Given what you can infer form the cartoon, what do you think the “Iron Curtain” is? Whose perspective do you think this cartoon represents?

2 Objectives Students will…
Understand reasons for the Berlin Blockade and the construction of the Berlin Wall. Determine effectiveness of the Berlin Airlift Analyze experiences on the East and West sides of the Berlin Wall

3 1952, AFTER THE MARSHALL PLAN
GERMAN CITY OF HAMBURG, 1947 MARSHALL PLAN Modernization of industrial equipment Creation of sound currencies and national budgets Expansion of trade and increase in exports Increased economic cooperation Increase in production agriculture & energy Improvement in transport systems 1952, AFTER THE MARSHALL PLAN

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5 The “Iron Curtain” March 1946: Churchill gives speech Should be a US/UK agreement to resist and deter disturbances to world peace Stalin wants "not war but the fruits of war” If Allies stay strong and united they can counter any Soviet threat Stalin considered speech “a call to war” Iron curtain represented western democratic Europe from eastern communist Europe From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe Sir Winston Churchill, 1946

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7 Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948-49)

8 1949: Germany & its capital Berlin were divided into 4 zones
Soviet French British American Allies united in the West Soviets in the East

9 June 23, 1948: USSR imposed blockade on West Berlin
Blocked railway, road, & canal traffic leading to West Berlin from the allied German zone No supplies of any type were allowed to enter West Berlin Stalin wanted to starve the city into submission.

10 BERLIN AIRLIFT (June 1948 - May 1949)
President Truman decided to hold on to West Berlin An airlift would keep the city supplied with goods Used small parachutes to dropped candy to Berlin children

11 MERCEDES AND THE CHOCOLATE PILOT

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13 President Truman made it clear that if one cargo plane was shot down it would mean war between the us and USSR May of 1949: Russians ended the blockade

14 The Cold War NATO & Warsaw
Alliance system against Communism US, Canada, and other good guys Warsaw Pact Alliance system against Capitalism Soviet Union, Poland, and other “bad guys” (satellite nations)

15 Berlin Wall 1961: Soviets build a wall around East Berlin to keep people from leaving to go to West

16 “The scream of sirens and the clank of steel on cobblestones echoed down the mean, dark streets. Frightened East Berliners peeked from behind their curtains to see military convoys stretching for blocks. First came the motorcycle outriders, then jeeps, trucks and buses crammed with grim, steel-helmeted East German troops. Rattling in their wake were the tanks — squat Russian-built T-34s and T-54s. At each major intersection, a platoon peeled off and ground to a halt, guns at the ready. The rest headed on for the sector border, the 25-mile frontier that cuts through the heart of Berlin like a jagged piece of glass. As the troops arrived at scores of border points, cargo trucks were already unloading rolls of barbed wire, concrete posts, wooden horses, stone blocks, picks and shovels. When dawn came four hours later, a wall divided East Berlin from West…” (1961)

17 “Seldom in history have blocks and mortar been so malevolently employed or so richly hated in return. One year old this month, the Wall of Shame, as it is often called, cleaves Berlin’s war-scarred face like an unhealed wound; its hideousness offends the eye as its inhumanity hurts the heart. For 27 miles it coils through the city, amputating proud squares and busy thoroughfares, marching insolently across graveyards and gardens, dividing families and friends, transforming whole street-fronts into bricked-up blankness. ‘The Wall,’ muses a Berlin policeman, ‘is not just sad. It is not just ridiculous. It is schizophrenic.’”

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21 Quick Recovery from WWII
Life in West Berlin Life in East Berlin 1961 Directions: Create a page showing the divisions caused by the Berlin Wall. On one side of the paper- illustrate and describe the West side of Berlin and the East side on the other Create a divided wall between the two sides Must have 6 words describing each side of Berlin and 3 visual representations BERLIN WALL Democratic Elections Poverty Capitalism Good Trade Relations Harsh Regulations Industry Communism Freedom of Movement GDR Quick Recovery from WWII Limited Choice Under Soviet Control 1989 Prosperous Limited Trade Choice Totalitarianism

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