1. POST WORLD WAR II GERMANY- divided into 4 zones
U.S., Britain, & France controlled 3 zones in Western Germany
The Soviet Union controlled 1 zone in Eastern Germany

2. POST WORLD WAR II…… JAPAN- occupied by the United States
New Constitution -
~Constitutional Monarchy~ limited the power of the Emperor
~ Japan could not use war as a political weapon
~ DEMOCRATIC government was established
~ Representatives were elected to the Diet ( Japanese Parliament)
~Women gained the right to vote
~Basic rights (press, assembly, etc..) were guaranteed

3. After Hitler broke the Nazi-Soviet Pact and invaded the USSR; the United States gave aid to the Soviet Union to help defeat the Nazi’s. They had a common goal of defeating Nazi Germany.

4. No. The United States was concerned about the spread of Communism and Stalin’s totalitarian rule. The Soviets were frustrated with the U.S. because they did not treat them as part of the international community.

5. These conferences were designed to help decide what would happen to Europe, specifically, Germany at the end of World War II.
Delegates from 50 nations met to create the United Nations in April 1945.

6. Discuss the future of Europe after WWII
1. What was the purpose of the conference at Yalta?
Discuss the future of Europe after WWII
2. Why do you think did Stalin pledge to permit free elections in Poland?
3. What disagreements were there at Potsdam? Why?
Disagreements about the boundaries of the four occupied zones of Germany
4. What do these disagreements reveal about the changing relationship between the United States and the USSR?
The relationship became competitive
5. How did the peace conceived at Yalta differ from the peace conceived at Potsdam? Why?
The peace created at Yalta was more cooperative than the peace at Potsdam. Soviets wanted more power
6. How might these differences impact the relationship between the United States and the USSR?
Increase competition between the two nations

7. Stalin went back on his pledge to allow free elections in Eastern Europe.
Political and Military tension after World War II between the United States and the USSR.

8. SETTING THE STAGE……
Immediately after WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union became world SUPERPOWERS.
U.S. goal= Promote & spread Democracy throughout Europe & Asia
Soviets goal= spread Communism throughout Europe & Asia

9. A political division in Europe between communism and democracy
A political division in Europe between communism and democracy. Created a hostile relationship between the USA and USSR.

10. Document A: The Iron Curtain Speech

11. The ColdWar

12. To provide political, military, and economic assistance to all nations under threat from communist forces
The idea of containment or limiting communism to the areas already under USSR’s control.
Increase tension and hostility between the two nations.

13. To strenghten democratic governments by providing food and economic assistance to war-ravaged European countries to help them rebuild after the war.
Increase tension and hostility between the two nations.

14. A military alliance that includes the USA, Canada, and 10 additional countries
Increase tension and hostility between the two nations.

15. What is NATO?

16. An independent country that is under heavy political, economic, and military influence or control from another country.
The USSR’s alliance that included satellite nations in Eastern Europe
The Warsaw Pact controlled their satellite nations instead of being allies.
Increased tension.
Moving closer. Each side was creating alliances or pacts with other nations.

17. Non-Aligned Movement
Your older brother and sister bicker and fight all the time. When they get to a point in their argument when neither of them will back down, they turn to you. They want you to say that you agree with one of them.
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of taking a side in a dispute between your siblings?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of NOT taking a side in a dispute between your siblings?

18. Non-Aligned Movement

19. Non-Aligned Movement
The nations declared not to become involved in the Cold War and adopted a declaration on promoting world peace and cooperation
Indonesia, India, Yugoslavia, Egypt, Ghana

20. Why did some countries join the Non-Aligned Movement?
Non-alignment is a positive approach to solving world problems
Preservation of Peace
Non-interference of one country leads to the growth of tolerance and peace between countries
Serve the needs of India and also the larger causes of peace and good fellowship in the world.

21. Why did some countries join the Non-Aligned Movement?
Militarily, politically,
economically weak
Non-aligned nations wanted to benefit as much as possible by receiving economic aid without having to commit loyalties to either side.
Instruments of foreign policy
Egypt was refused aid by the USA and then turned to the USSR
India

22. What actions did the Soviet Union take to consolidate its power in Eastern Europe after World War II?
1948 The Berlin Blockade and Airlift
BERLIN- Germany’s capital city was divided into West Berlin and East Berlin.
West Germany, W. Berlin, U.S. support
East Germany, E. Berlin, Soviet support

23. What actions did the Soviet Union take to consolidate its power in Eastern Europe after World War II?

24. What actions did the Soviet Union take to consolidate its power in Eastern Europe after World War II?
The Berlin Blockade was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. The Berlin Blockade was an attempt in 1948 by the USSR to limit the ability of the Allies (France, Great Britain and the United States) to travel to their sectors of Berlin. After World War II, Germany was divided into occupation zones. Berlin was located inside USSR-controlled eastern Germany but, the United States and other Allies controlled western portions Berlin so there were questions of whether portions of the city would become part of USSR-controlled eastern Germany. On June 24, 1948, Soviet forces blockaded rail, road, and water access to Allied-controlled areas of Berlin in an attempt to get the Allies to give up their sections of the city. The United States and United Kingdom responded by airlifting food and fuel to Berlin. Realizing that they would not be able to force the Allies out without an armed conflict, the USSR forces lifted the blockade on land access to western Berlin and the crisis ended on May 12, Berlin remained divided for the rest of the Cold War.
1. What caused the Berlin Blockade?
2. How did the British, French, and United States get past the Soviet Union’s blockade?
3. How did the Berlin Blockade impact the relationship between the United States and the USSR?
The USSR wanted to limit the ability of the Allies (France, Great Britain and the United States) to travel to their sectors of Berlin.
The nations began airlifting food and fuel to Berlin.
The Berlin Blockade increased the tension between the United States and the USSR.

25. Warsaw Pact

26. Synthesis Revolutions against communism
Both wanted to change the government and remove themselves from the Warsaw Pact.
Soviet forces and Warsaw Pact forces crushed both revolutions in Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Communism was re-established in those countries.
The Soviet Union would not allow any Warsaw Pact members to leave.

27. Berlin Wall – article & questions

28. superiority
fearful
weapons
Atomic bomb

29. USSR
powerful
Hydrogen
Thousands
Mutual Assured Destruction

30. the spread of nuclear weapons
Reduction of nuclear weapons
energy

31. Space Race 1. The Soviets launched the Sputnik satellite into orbit.
2. The United States feared that the Soviets had the ability to launch a nuclear warhead into U.S. air space.
3. * NASA was created
* national space programs were created

32. Space Race 1. The Soviets launched the Sputnik satellite into orbit.
2. The United States feared that the Soviets had the ability to launch a nuclear warhead into U.S. air space.
3. * NASA was created
* national space programs were created

33. Cold War HOT SPOTS

34. Hot Spots of the Cold War
The Cold War wasn't "fought" in the US or the Soviet Union; it was fought in Third World Countries, such as Vietnam, Korea, Cuba, Afghanistan, and Nicaragua.  "The Third World consisted of developing nations, often newly independent, who were not aligned with either superpower" (McDougal Littell).  These countries served as the battleground for the United States and the Soviet Union, and the people of these countries were the real victims of the Cold War.  The developing countries are called the hot spots of the cold war because they became directly involved in the major conflicts and wars within the cold war. These conflicts were called surrogate wars or proxy wars.  Although the United States and the Soviet Union did not fight each other directly, they fought indirectly by backing opposing sides in many smaller conflicts" (McDougal Littell).  

35. Hot Spots of the Cold War
Other hot spots emerged during the Cold War, as countries under the control and influence of the Soviet Union wanted to break free of communism. 
Hungary and Czechoslovakia were both satellite nations. 
"A satellite nation is a country that is under the domination or influence of another. The term was used to describe the status of the East European nations during the Cold War."  The Soviet Union, however, did not want to allow these countries to win self-determination, "the right of a people to decide on their own political affiliation without the outside influence of other people, groups, or institutions" and used violence to stop independence movements.

37. Cuba Fidel Castro- Cuban Missile Crisis-
 Leader of the Cuban Revolution and communist dictator of Cuba. 
Cuban Missile Crisis-
Cuban dictator Fidel Castro allow the Soviet Union to base nuclear missiles in Cuba. The United States confronted the Soviet Union and demanded the missiles be removed. For nearly two weeks, nuclear war was imminent. Fortunately, diplomacy succeeded and crisis was averted.

38. The Cuban Missile Crisis

39. “Let’s get a lock for this thing.”
What message does this cartoon send to the leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union?
Considering the climate of the Cold War in 1962, do you think the spirit of this cartoon is overly optimistic? Why or Why not?
“Let’s get a lock for this thing.”
by Herb Block

40. HOT SPOTS OF THE COLD WAR
Korean War
North Korea=Communism
South Korea= Democracy
Afghanistan
Supported by the United States
Contained Communism
HOT SPOTS OF THE COLD WAR
Cambodia- Pol Pot
Khmer Rouge
Communist
Vietnam War- Ho Chi Minh
Vietnam became communist
Cuba- Fidel Castro
Cuba was supported by the Soviet Union
Communist

42. "It is better to sacrifice everything than to live in slavery
"It is better to sacrifice everything than to live in slavery!“ "Nothing is more precious than independence and liberty.“ "My only desire is that all of our Party and people, closely united in struggle, construct a peaceful, unified, independent, democratic and prosperous, and make a valiant contribution to the world Revolution."

43. Ho Chi Minh led the Vietnamese nationalist movement for more than three decades, fighting first against the Japanese, then the French colonial power and then the US-backed South Vietnamese He was President of North Vietnam from 1954 until his death.

44. The Korean War United States U.S.S.R + - + - - + + -
Containment- stop the spread of communism
United Nations- peace keeping organization
China
38th Parallel- imaginary line that divides Korea into N & S + - + - - + + -

45. Vietnam War United States U.S.S.R + - + - - + - + Containment
The French- wanted to regain colony in Asia
Ho Chi Minh- Vietnamese nationalist who controlled North Vietnam
Domino Theory- theory that when one country falls to communism, areas surrounding will also fall to communism. + - + - - + - +

46. Afghansitan Taliban & US Role-
The Soviets attacked Afghanistan trying to spread communism. The US supplied Taliban with weapons and training to resist Soviets. Soviets were not successful.

47. Nicaruagua Sandinistas, Daniel Ortega, and Anastasia Somoza
Sandinistas, a revolutionary group overthrew the dictatorship rule of Anastasia Somoza. Daniel Ortega, a Sandinista took power.

48. #3 #2 #4

49. #3 #3 #3 #4

51. Cold War thaws- Richard Nixon, Détente, and SALT-
Richard Nixon used détente, a US policy to relax tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.
SALT- treaty that limited nuclear arms

52. Detente

53. How did Communism Collapse?
Problem #1 Foreign Policy
Afghanistan

54. Problem #2 Economic Policy
Command Economy
Government
incentive
Food
Consumer
Goods
Black Market
Communist Government

55. Problem #3 Political Freedom
leaders
Stagnate

56. Gorby!!!!!
Gorbachev introduced an economic reform program called Perestroika. He wanted to revive the Soviet economy by making the economic system more productive and efficient.

58. Jobs
Public works
Infrastructure
Trading with other nations
Voting
Reforming laws
Giving people freedoms- human rights

59. Glasnost & Perestroika

60. - Prisoners were released
- Foreign broadcasts were no longer censored
- Economic freedom from state control

61. According to Gorbachev, Reagan’s attitude toward the Soviet Union changed during his second term because his goals changed. His goal went from strengthening the U.S. economy to being a peacemaker and helped break the arms race.

62. Germany is reunited; no more East and West
East Germany- underdeveloped and poor
West Germany- paid high taxes to rebuild
High unemployment & crime
Resentment
German economy suffered

63. Lech Walesa Solidarity
Poland
Romania
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Yugoslavia
Hungary

64. Independence Commonwealth Boris Yeltsin of Independent States Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Belarus
Ukraine
Moldova
Georgia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Tukmenistan
Uzbekistan
Tajikistan
Krygyzstan
Kazakhstan
Russia

65. Glasnost and Perestroika
Former Soviet republics break away from Soviet control and gain independence.
Berlin wall falls
Solidarity movemnet in Poland with Lech Walesa
Demand more freedoms
Want market economy
More western goods

66. Difficult systems
Little tech development
Economic inexperienced population
All decisions made for the public
Few political checks and balances
Issues decided by force and conflict
Vladimir Putin (2012-now)

67. Privatization
unemployment
crime
ethnic
Chechyna
Yugoslavia
Ethnic cleansing
Czechoslovakia