1. INFORMATION SISTEM & TECHNOLOGYby
Kudang B. Seminar, PhD
11/17/2018

2. Definition of Information Technology Telecomunication Technology
Information Technology (IT) is an electronic technology for the acquisition, processing, storing, & retrieving of data and the production & delivery of information. (Gunton, 1994)
Computer Technology IT
Telecomunication Technology

3. Teknologi Informasi (TI)
Teknologi elektronik untuk akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, dan temu balik data (data retrieval), serta untuk produksi dan distribusi informasi (Gunton 1993). TI
Komputer
Telekomunikasi
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4. Information System (IS) Model
BRAINWARE
DATAWARE
Performance
Control System
S O F T W A R E H A R D
W A R E
Data
Process
Info
Data Store
N E T W A R E
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5. What is a System? A system is… A set of interrelated components
With a clearly defined boundary
Working together
To achieve a common set of objectives
By accepting inputs and producing outputs
In an organized transformation process
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

6. Information Production
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7. Basic Functions of a System
Input
Capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed
Processing
Transformation process that converts input into output
Output
Transferring transformed elements to their ultimate destination
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

8. Information System Resources
People Resources
Specialists
End users
Hardware Resources
Machines
Media
Software Resources
Programs
Procedures
Data Resources
Product descriptions, customer records, employee files, inventory databases
Network Resources
Communications media, communications processors, network access and control software
Information Resources
Management reports and business documents using text and graphics displays, audio responses, and paper forms
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

9. IS Activities Input of data resources Data entry activities
Processing of data into information
Calculations, comparisons, sorting, and so on
Output of information products
Messages, reports, forms, graphic images
Storage of data resources
Data elements and databases
Control of system performance
Monitoring and evaluating feedback
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

10. A Business as a System
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

11. Fundamental Roles of IS in Business
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

12. IT Challenges and Opportunities
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

13. (ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE) Merging Computing & Communications
Shift Paradigm in Business
EDI
(ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE)
Video Conference
Cable-Television
Merging Computing & Communications
Phone/Celullar
LAN/WAN
Fax
Pagers
Voice mail
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14. The IS Function The IS function is…
A major functional area of business
An important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity, morale, customer service and satisfaction
A major source of information and support for decision making
A vital ingredient in developing competitive products and services in the global marketplace
A dynamic and challenging career opportunity
A key component of today’s networked business
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

15. Challenges and Ethics of IT
Application of IT
Customer relationship management
Human resources management
Business intelligence systems
Potential Harm
Infringements on privacy
Inaccurate information
Collusion
Potential Risks
Consumer boycotts
Work stoppages
Government intervention
Possible Responses
Codes of ethics
Incentives
Certification
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

16. Ethical Responsibilities
What uses of IT might be considered improper or harmful to other individuals or society?
What is the proper business use of the Internet or a company’s IT resources?
How can you protect yourself from computer crime?
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

17. Sociotechnological Environment Organization Structures Management
Strategies
Information
Systems and
Technologies
Business
Processes
People and
Cultures
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18. Data: raw facts or observations
Data vs Information
Data: raw facts or observations
Information : data that have been transformed into a meaningful and useful context for specific end users
Data
Information
Data Sales person
Sales Values
Sales Units
Data
Processing
Sales Analysis
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19. Foundation Concepts of IS
What to be known about the IS?
Management of IS
Resource and Activities
Development of IS
Solutions to Business Problems
Applications of IS
To Operations, Managemnet, and Strategic Advantage
Technology of IS
Hardware, Software, Telecomunications,& Data Management
Foundation Concepts of IS
Fundamental Behavioral and Technical Concepts
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20. Sales Data
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21. Sales Information
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22. Information Quality Time Dimension Content Dimension Form Dimension
Timeliness
Currency
Frequency
Time period
Content Dimension
Accuracy
Relevance
Completeness
Conciseness
Scope
Performance
Form Dimension
Clarity
Detail
Order
Presentation
Media
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23. Purposes of Information Systems
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

24. Operations Support Systems
What do they do?
Efficiently process business transactions
Control industrial processes
Support communications and collaboration
Update corporate databases
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

25. Types of OSS Transaction Processing Systems
Record and process business transactions
Example: sales processing, inventory systems, accounting systems
Process Control Systems
Monitor and control physical processes
Example: using sensors to monitor chemical processes in a petroleum refinery
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
Enhance team and workgroup communication
Example: , video conferencing
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

26. Two Ways to Process Transactions
Batch Processing
Accumulate transactions over time and process periodically
Example: a bank processes all checks received in a batch at night
Online Processing
Process transactions immediately
Example: a bank processes an ATM withdrawal immediately
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

27. Management Support Systems
What do they do?
Provide information and support for effective decision making by managers
Management information systems
Decision support systems
Executive information systems
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

28. Types of Management Support Systems
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Reports and displays
Example: daily sales analysis reports
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Interactive and ad hoc support
Example: a what-if analysis to determine where to spend advertising dollars
Executive Information Systems (EIS)
Critical information for executives and managers
Example: easy access to actions of competitors
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

29. Other Information Systems
Expert Systems - provide expert advice
Example: credit application advisor
Knowledge Management Systems - support creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge throughout company
Example: intranet access to best business practices
Strategic Information Systems - help get a strategic advantage over customer
Example: shipment tracking, e-commerce Web systems
Functional Business Systems - focus on operational and managerial applications of basic business functions
Example: accounting, finance, or marketing
Chapter 1 Foundations of Information Systems in Business

30. DNC’s EIS Main Menu
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31. DNC’s EIS - Dashboard
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32. DNC’s EIS – Sub Menu
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33. IT Management Paradigm
A paradigm is a mental frame of reference that dominates the way people think and act (Karl Albrech)
Vision & Mission of Human
IT Management Paradigm
Vision & mission of Collective Prosperity
Vision & mission of organization/enterprise

34. Vision & Missions of humans as vice vigerent of earth
Information
Database
Knowledge
Vision & Missions of humans as vice vigerent of earth
High Quality Decision Making (intelectually & emotionally)

35. Vision & Mission of Collective Prosperity: knowledge sharing & mutual benefits
Inter-, Extra- dan Intra-net

36. Vision & Mission of Organization:
Re-engineering for Better Performance & Higher Competitiveness
High
Rationalism
Reengineering
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
Current
Condition
Automation
(Computerization)
IT Utilization
Low
High