1. Solubility Notes
Unit 5

2. Solubility Definition
The max amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temp.
Ex. NaCl at 25oC - 36g NaCl/100g H2O

3. Factors at affect solubility
Surface area
in general the smaller the substance (larger surface area) is the more quickly it dissolves
- crushing large sub. increases surface area which increases solubility

4. Factors at affect solubility
Agitation
stirring or shaking helps the particles disperse making it dissolve easier.

5. Factors at affect solubility
Temperature
in general, the higher the temp. the easier it is to dissolve
Increase movement of particles and cause more collisions to increase solubility

6. Factors at affect solubility
Pressure – gases only
increase P, helps gases stay in a solvent

7. Factors at affect solubility
Types of solute/solvent
- likes dissolve likes
Polar – uneven charge (like ionic)
Nonpolar – even charge (like covalent)

8. Factors at affect solubility
(add this to the note sheet)
Amount of solvent
Increasing the solvent allows the solute more “space” to dissolve in

9. Solutions involving solubility
Unsaturated – does not contain the max solute
Saturated – contains the max solute
Supersaturated – contains more than the max solute (heat it up, add more than max, allow to cool)

10. How do you tell what is soluble in water?
Solubility chart
To read the chart:
1. Find the positive (first) item across the top
2. Find the negative (second) item across the side
3. Find where they meet
S = soluble = dissolved in water
SS = slightly soluble – some will dissolve in water
I = insoluble = does not dissolve in water –
a solid will form
If the block is empty the compound does not exist

11. Examples: It is soluble or insoluble?
1. AlBr3
2. AgC2H3O2
3. ZnSO3
4. (NH4)3PO4
5. CdCO3

12. Solubility Chart How many grams of KCl will dissolve in water at 90oC?
At what temperature will the same amount of NH3 and NaNO3 dissolve?
3. At what temperature would 40 grams of KNO3 dissolve?