1. Today’s Schedule- 4/15/13 Turn in Unit 9 Map CNN Student News
Finish 25.2 Part 1: History of India
Part 2 PPT: Culture of India
HW:
-25.3 Vocab Check `

2. HINDUISM

3. Introduction India is a secular country
80% of population practice Hinduism
Third most practiced religion in the world
Cannot be traced to a specific person or historical event
Evidence of its practice dates back to 4,000 BCE
Making it the oldest of the major living religions

4. Purpose Everyone has the same goal
To achieve an understanding that all beings are the same
Achieving this is to understand Brahman
To achieve this understanding one should meditate to get in touch with ones inner Atman (soul)
Often done through yoga
Anyone can be a Hindu

5. Gods/Goddesses Main gods of the Hindu faith
Brahma is the creator
Vishnu is the preserver
Shiva is the destroyer
There are millions of gods and goddesses in the Hindu faith
People are encouraged to worship whichever god/goddess helps them achieve Brahman

6. Other Popular Gods Ganesha Buddha Krishna Ram Why so many?
Lord of all living beings
Buddha
Krishna
Ram
Why so many?
Reincarnation

7. Beliefs Reincarnation Dharma Karma One’s duty or path
That one is reborn into a new life after death
Hindus anticipate many lifetimes, so they do not experience the urgency to get it all right in one lifetime
Dharma
One’s duty or path
Is determined by determined by gender, caste, and stage of life
Karma
Belief that every action produces an effect
It has nothing to do with judgment of people or gods but it is the natural consequence of an action

8. Caste
The caste system seems to have emerged during the Aryan settlement as a way of maintaining social order
All people were divided into hereditary castes
Brahmin – Priests
Kshatriya – warriors
Vaishya – producers (farmers, merchants, artisans)
Shudra – servants and laborers

9. Untouchables An additional category of “outcast” exists
For all those who are deemed outside of the social system
This group includes the “Untouchables” who only recently began to enjoy legal rights due to the work of Gandhi
He renamed them “God’s beloved”

10. OTHER RELIGIONS

11. Islam
Largest minority religion in India

12. Sikhism
Combination of Muslim belief in one God with the Hindu belief in reincarnation and karma
Preaches equality of all people
Rejects caste system

13. Jainism Attempt to conquer one’s dependence on the material world
Some don’t even wear clothing
Prohibiting from harming life
Some walk with a broom and facecloth

14. CLOTHING

15. Sari Warm climate requires cool clothing Sari is worn by women
Large rectangle wrapped around the body
Men often wear more western style of clothing
Some, however, wear a lungi
Some also wear turbans as a public symbol of their religious beliefs
Particularly Sikhs who allow their hair to grow

17. FOOD

18. India’s climate produces a vast array of spices
Often combined to make various forms of curry
Many practicing Hindus are vegetarians
For those who do eat meat goat is common

19. FESTIVALS

20. India has many festivals and religious holidays
Holi, a celebration of the triumph of good over evil, is one of the most lively
Sprinkle each other with brightly colored powders