1. A lesson in safe sexual relationships
Contraceptives
A lesson in safe sexual relationships

2. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

3. Contraceptive Patch
Acts very similarly to the pill; however, this beige patch releases hormones of estrogen and progestin into the bloodstream
ADVANTAGES:
Highly effective (99%)
Can place the patch almost anywhere
Only change once a week
It sticks 98% of the time
DISADVANTAGES:
Cannot be removed for more than 7 days
MUST be changed on “Patch change day”
Should be applied to clean/dry skin.
Do not use any body products near the patch or where you’ll be applying it
Doesn’t protect against STI’s

4. Oral Contraceptive Pill
Also known as birth control; it prevents the ovary from releasing an egg, and is taken in conjunction with placebo pills
ADVANTAGES:
Highly effective (99%)
Reversible
Ease the menstrual cycle
Also help in skin and hair problems
Aid in PMS and menstrual migraines
DISADVANTAGES:
Adverse effects
Blood clots
Does not protect against STI’s
Effectiveness can be reduced
Must be taken everyday; same time

5. Vaginal Ring
It is a soft & flexible ring; is inserted into a woman’s vagina manually and releases preventative hormones; works like the pill; 99% effective
ADVANTAGES:
Actually considered comfortable as it doesn’t need to be place in any specific way once inside to be effective
Kept in for three weeks straight and removed for one week for menstrual cycle
DISADVANTAGES:
Adverse hormonal side effects
Increase in vaginal secretion
Blood clots
Cannot forget to remove after three weeks
Might not be able to use it during breastfeeding

6. Other hormonal contraceptive options...
Injectable contraception (99% effectiveness)
Injected only with progestin, not estrogen
Can be used during breastfeeding
Needed only every 13 to 14 weeks
Usage of 2 or more years can cause bone loss
Causes minor weight gain
Fertility may not return for 6 to 8 months after stopping the medicine
And...
Intrauterine Contraception (IUC)

7. DEVICE-BASED NON-HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

8. Female Condom ADVANTAGES: Highly effective (95%)
Prevents sexually transmitted diseases
Available without prescription
Does not effective future fertility
DISADVANTAGES:
Noticeable during sex
Sometimes difficult to insert or use
Can break or leak
More expensive than a male condom (3x)
Can only be used once

9. Sponge ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES: 91% effective
Easy to use
Small and inexpensive
Widely available
Upto 24 hours of protection
DISADVANTAGES:
Is said to have a numbing effect
Can only be used once
Can be difficult to remove
May increase urinary track infection or cause vaginal inflammation
Does not protect against STI’s

10. Spermicides ADVANTAGES:
Highly effective when used with other contraceptives (upto 97%)
Kills sperm on contact
Easy to use
Widely available
DISADVANTAGES:
Must be used with other contraceptives to be effective (70% when used alone)
Does not prevent STI’s
Must discontinue if slight irritation or genital tissue tear occurs
You should avoid spermicides with nonoxynol-9

11. Diaphragm DISADVANTAGES: Take you some time to get used to it
Rubber can causes irritation
Should NOT be left in for 24 hours; risk of an allergic reaction or toxic shock syndrome.
May need to change brand or size if you gain weight
You need to reapply spermicide for sex that’s more than three hours after you've inserted it
Diaphragm
ADVANTAGES:
94% effective
Easy to use
Can be placed hours before sex
Partial protection against STIs.

12. Cervical cap VS Diaphragm
MOREOVER ...
Cervical cap VS
Diaphragm

13. Tubal ligation/occlusion & Vasectomy
PERMANENT CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS (SURGICAL)
Tubal ligation/occlusion
&
Vasectomy

14. EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES
Finally...
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES

15. LINKS:
Birth Control Pill: Side Effects, Effectiveness, How the Pill Works, and Types." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 10 Jan < and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot." Advantages and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot | Michigan Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan <
"Non-Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan < contraception/>.
"Vaginal Ring." Choosing a Birth Control Method: Vaginal Ring. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan < and-Resources/Quick-Reference-Guide-for-Clinicians/choosing/Vaginal-Ring>.
"Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan < contraception/#tc4>.
"Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages." Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan <
"Effectiveness Rate of Birth Control Methods-Topic Overview." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 11 Jan <
"Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge." Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan < sponge.html>.
"The Contraceptive Diaphragm." The Contraceptive Diaphragm - How Does It Work ? | DrEd. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan <
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