1. Biotechnology Genetic Engineering
Objectives:
Diagram the process of inserting a gene from one organism into another – transformation
Define genetic engineering
Diagram and explain the process of DNA fingerprinting

2. Genetic Engineering Fast and reliable way for
Involves cutting or cleaving DNA from an organism and inserting it into another

3. Recombinant DNA Technology
DNA made by connecting fragments of other DNA from different sources
Inserted into a host and the host will use it as its own

4. How it works
Isolate DNA that contains the gene you want (glowing gene from jellyfish).
Use enzymes
Attach the DNA segment to a carrier or vector
Usually bacteria’s plasmid (DNA)
Transfer into a host organism

5. Recombinant Process

6. Transgenic Organisms
Organisms that contain working DNA from another organism.
Below are natural glowing jellyfish, caused by a specific gene

7. Jellyfish gene transferred to Mice and fish

9. Whiteboard Check
A piece of DNA that has codes from two different organisms is called what?
What is an organism which has DNA from 2 different organisms in it called?
Why is it important to cut the DNA and Plasmid with the same enzymes?

10. Types of genetic technology
Agricultural
Environmental
Industrial
Pharmaceutical

11. Chimeras
A sheep-goat chimera produced by injecting a goat inner cell mass into a sheep blastocyst. The chimera was carried to term in a sheep recipient female

12. Growth Hormones

13. corn

14. Clone diagram-sheep Egg membrane from donor sheep (black face)
Insert DNA (from utter cell) from true mother (white face) into egg
Plant egg in donor ewe’s uterus
Baby born has White face mother’s DNA

15. Cloning fluffy

16. Ear Mouse

18. DNA Fingerprinting What is it?
Looking at a piece of DNA and noting differences for each individual
Used in forensics to identify bodies, suspects and other samples

19. How is it done? Take a sample of DNA
Cut it at specific spots with enzyme
These spots are different for each person
You have spots that match each of your parents
½ from mom and ½ from dad, and some of your own too
Dye DNA so that you can see it well

20. Set up an electrophoresis gel
Place samples into a well of the gel
Run an electric current through the gel
The DNA piece will be pulled along
Shorter pieces are lighter so they will go further, longer pieces are heavier so they lag behind
Looks like this when you are done:

24. Whiteboard Check What can DNA fingerprinting be used for?
Which pieces travel the furthest in a gel electrophoresis, smaller or bigger?
Where does your DNA come from?