1. Pre AP Biology
Plant Kingdom (8.6)
Part 1

2. Plant Evolution

3. Waxy Cuticle on the leaves

4. Vascular Tissue to transport fluids

5. Seed to survive dry times

6. Flowers

7. Flowers and animals

8. Fruits

9. Plant Basic structure

10. Apical Meristems for growth

11. Stomata of leaves

12. Xylem Carries water and nutrients up to the leaves.

13. Phloem Carries sugar water down the plant from the leaves.

14. Bryophytes

15. Hepatophyta

16. Anthocerophyta

17. Bryophyta (Shows both generations)

18. Sperm from the male swimming to the female structure

19. Microphyll “leaves”

20. Moss

21. Sporophyte of moss

22. Peat Moss Bog in upper Canada

23. Pre AP Biology
Plant Kingdom (8.6)
Part 2

24. Vascular plants

25. Sporophyte Generation in Brown Gametophyte Generation in grey

26. New type of cell wall with Lignin and pectin re-enforcements

27. Real Roots

28. Real Leaves with Vascular Tissue

29. Pteridophytes

30. Lycophytes

31. Lycophyte Forests

32. Epiphyte growing on a tree limb

33. Pterophyta - Psilophyteas

34. Pterophyta - Sphenophytes

35. Pterophyta - Ferns

36. Fronds

37. Fiddlehead (Developing Frond)

38. Frond with Sori

39. Pre AP Biology
Plant Kingdom (8.6)
Part 3

40. Pangaea about 250 million years ago – very dry time on land

41. Greatly reduced gametophyte generation

42. Gymnosperm leaves (“needles”)

43. Pine Bark

44. Male Pine cones with Pollen grains

45. Pollen Grains

46. Female Pine cones

47. Pine seed being dispersed

48. Conifers

49. Cycadophyta

50. Gnetophyta - Welwitschia

51. Gnetophyta - Ephedra

52. Coniferophyta

53. Female Pine cones

54. Male Pine cones with Pollen grains

55. Pine needles “leaves”

56. Pre AP Biology
Plant Kingdom (8.6)
Part 4

57. Pangaea separating – water returns in large quantities

58. Xylem – Vessel elements (More water uptake)

59. Larger leaves (More photosynthesis)

60. Flowers

61. Fruit

62. Types of fruits

63. Burr fruit with chestnut inside

64. Pollination & Double Fertilization

65. Magnoliids

66. Monocots & Eudicots

67. Traits to know!

69. Phylum Plant Type Mosses Ferns Cone-bearing Flowering Adaptation
Bryophytes
Pteridophytes
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Plant Type
Mosses
Ferns
Cone-bearing
Flowering
Adaptation
Waxy cuticle
Vascular tissue
Protective seed
Flowers/
fruits
Diagram/
Drawing