1. RNA

2. Ribonucleic Acid Single nucleotide strand Sugar: Ribose 4 Bases:
A: Adenine
G: Guanine
C: Cytosine
U: Uracil
U replaces T
Three Types of RNA

3. Messenger RNA
mRNA
Function: Copies the DNA code and moves to a ribosome
Link between DNA & Protein
Allows ribosome to create a protein
Location: Starts in nucleus… moves to ribosome

4. Transfer RNA
Amino acid
Proline
Amino acid
Serine
tRNA
Function: Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome
Ribosome will link amino acids together to form a protein
Location: Cytoplasm

5. Ribosomal RNA
rRNA
Function: components of ribosomes

6. Transcription U| C| A| A| U| C| A| U| U| C| G| G| G|
Defined: Process of making mRNA from DNA
Step 1: RNA Polymerase separates the DNA nucleotides
Step 2: Free floating RNA nucleotides match with the DNA
Reminder: U replaces T
Step 3: mRNA breaks free in separate pieces
Step 4: mRNA processing takes place
Unused portions (introns) are removed and the used portions (exons) bond together
Step 5: Final mRNA strand travels to ribosome
Step 6: DNA recombines to be used again G| C| A| A| G| U| C| A| U| U| C|

7. Step 2: Free floating mRNA nucleotides match up
Step 1: RNA polymerase splits the DNA
Step 5 & 6: mRNA travels to ribosome
and DNA reconnects
Step 4: Remaining exons bond together
Step 3: mRNA breaks free
RNA
polymerase

9. Transcription Animation

10. Transcription Video
Click if video won’t play

11. DNA vs. RNA Double Stranded Sugar: Deoxyribose Bases: A T C G
Location: Nucleus
Single strand
Sugar: Ribose
Bases: A U C G
Location: Nucleus & Cytoplasm

12. Review
Name three different ways that DNA and RNA differ.
Which RNA:
is found inside the nucleus?
transports amino acids to the ribosome?
exits the nucleus to the ribosome?
copies the DNA code?
makes up the structure of ribosomes?
Perform transcription by using the following piece of DNA. Introns are underlined. Write the final strand of mRNA created.
T A C C G T A C A A T G G G A T C