1. New Genes For Old
Part 2

2. Learning Objectives To learn how genetic engineering is done.
To learn some examples of genetic engineering.
To learn about the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering.

3. Success Criteria
I can give at least 2 examples of genetically modified organisms.
I can state the three main uses of genetic engineering.
I can describe the steps involved in introducing a gene into bacteria such as E. coli.

4. Starter What do these organisms have in common?
They are genetically modified.

5. Transferring genes

6. Transferring Genes
Scientists can now isolate genes from one organism and transfer them in to the genome of another organism.
Flourescence gene inserted into genome of cat…
Naturally glowing jellyfish
Glow-in-the-dark kitten

7. Genetic Engineering What would be the benefits of square tomatoes?
The transfer of genes is called genetic engineering.
The organisms made by genetic engineering have new characteristics to the original animals.
When an organism expresses genes from another species, it is known as a:
GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) organism.
What would be the benefits of square tomatoes?

8. Answer Questions 7 & 8 on page 38
Answers: 7a Can spray crops without harming them 7b Insulin can be made for diabetics 8 Genes, genetic engineering

9. Uses of Genetic Engineering
There are many uses of genetic engineering. Three of them are:
Producing Insulin
A bacteria called E. coli has been genetically engineered to make human insulin.
Vitamin A (see bottom of page 38)
Lack of vitamin A causes night-blindness. Genes from carrots have been introduced into rice plants. This causes them to produce beta-carotene, which is converted to Vitamin A in the body.
Gene Therapy
Changing a persons genes to treat genetic disorders.

10. Pros & Cons of Genetic Engineering
Herbicide, frost and disease resistant crops.
Larger fruits and vegetables.
Larger farm animals (more meat)
Production of hormones (insulin)
Unknown how our bodies may react in future.
All organisms are usually identical and therefore have a small gene pool.
Organisms could get into the wild and affect populations.

11. Answer Questions 9-12 on page 39
Answers: 9 Bacteria 10 Because their diet lacks Vitamin A 11 Idea of harmful side effect 12 Any valid reason… Put your hand up to explain your answer.

12. higher

13. How Genetic Engineering Works
Copy the diagram on the bottom of page 39 into your book.
Make sure you understand that genetic engineering involves:
- identifying and isolating the desired gene.
- inserting the gene into the DNA of the host.
- replicating the gene in the host organism.
Gene Therapy
Gene therapy works in two ways:
Changing the genes of body cells.
Changing the genes of gametes before fertilisation.

14. plenary

15. Genetic Engineering: Right or Wrong?
Plenary
Genetic Engineering: Right or Wrong?
Genetic engineering allows us to do things like combine fish, mouse, human and insect genes in the same person or animal.
For this reason, many people have concern about ‘playing God’ with nature.
What do you think? You have 5 minutes to discuss with your partner and then feedback to the class.

16. Learning Objectives To learn how genetic engineering is done.
To learn some examples of genetic engineering.
To learn about the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering.

17. Success Criteria
I can give at least 2 examples of genetically modified organisms.
I can state the three main uses of genetic engineering.
I can describe the steps involved in introducing a gene into bacteria such as E. coli.