Waste Reduction Overview

Waste Reduction Overview
Recycling in Multi Unit Buildings Metro Group DESIGN – BUILD - MAINTAIN 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Keys to Waste Diversion Communications & Convenience
In Real Estate it’s about Location – Location – Location Recycling – “The 3 R’s” is all about Messaging - Messaging - Messaging & Infrastructure – Infrastructure - Infrastructure

Provincial Legislative Updates
Municipalities get LCBO container “Deposit/Return Program”- glass was costly! WHAT’S NEXT? – Blue Box Recycling Expanding Municipal & Private Sector Depot MODELS Municipal Household Special Wastes MHSW 100% Industry Product Stewardship Funding & “IPR” Expanded Depots / Return to Retail programs Various Materials / Collections options will evolve ORGANICS NOT CURRENTLY MANDATORY! 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Copyright Doug King Metro Group
Recycling Trends & Considerations What directs & finances Recycling in Ontario? Provincial 70% diversion - NEW Landfill Bans Toronto Garbage fees! coming to other areas $ OLD Prov. Recycle Reg. 50% Industry Funded EPR NEW 100% Funding – IPR IPR Individual Producer Responsibility = control Municipal focus toward Organics diversion evolves 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

A Few Acronyms & Definitions
Diversion- Waste redirected from disposal Commingle – Mixed Dry Material “Stream” Recyclable – Dry Recovered Commodity Organics – Wet wastes-various liner/bags MHSW – Municipal Haz. Special Wastes MRF – Material Recycling Facility / Organics FEL – Steel “Front End Loaded” Bins Totes/Carts – Plastic 2 Wheel Containers 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Private Facilities / Bins
MUNICIPAL vs. PRIVATE PROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE & VEHICLE COLLECTION BIN SYSTEMS MUNICIPAL – GTA Area Private Facilities / Bins PROCESSING MRF’s Most GTA MRF’s single stream - Program benefit = simplicity Organics processing capacity - Toronto capacity expansions Front End / FEL bin collections Bin asset ownership = ongoing control of collection options PROCESSING MRF’s Province is primarily 2 Stream Education & Participation more sorting = less diversion Organics end market limitations Hybrid of FEL & Tote collectors - Fewer FE operators > flexible Potential changeover challenge 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & COLLECTIONS / PROCESSING FACILITIES
11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

3 + Stream Recycling System
Historic 3 Stream System (+ Organics/Bulk/MHSW) Residual Waste Fibre & Commingle 2 streams – MRF based 2008 Hamilton adds Multi Unit Organics - Tri-Sorter integration challenged / solutions? Residual Waste Fibers (Papers) Commingle (Containers) Organics – 4th Stream Bulk Storage & MHSW 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

3 + Stream Diversion Systems
GTA – 2 stream recycle Stream Programs Waste & Single Stream Recycling evolves Toronto Organics roll out – 2011 Need to store Bulk & MHSW separately! GTA is now primarily “single stream recycling” Residual Waste Fibers & Commingle Dry Recycling Bulk Storage & MHSW Organics Wet Diversion 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MRF/PROCESS - One Stream Recycling Overview - Automated System - NEW Optical Sort Truck Drop-off “Tip Floor” / Conveyor to Sort Line 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MRF - Manual Material Sorting Initial Manual Sort Line & Compartments (below) 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MRF Materials = Waste & Bales Top “Residual Waste” Trailer & Marketed Product Bales 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

COLLECTION - Preferred System Primary Vehicle & Bins = Cost Efficient Collections
Front Load Truck FEL Waste/Recycle/Organics Primary High Rise Collections System Front Load Bins Compacted & Open Top Variable Sizes & Features Small for Organics 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

COLLECTION “Limited Space ” Option Phasing out in High Rises
Expansion in Townhomes / Smaller Complexes Recycle Truck < Space & Handling costs High Rises evolving - efficiencies improved Recycle Bin – 95 Gal. 35 / 65 gal. for Organics Waste sizes may vary 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE & FACILITY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVES

Evolving Roles & Program Plans Management; Staff & Residents
Determine process for primary materials Management communicates the building program Resident participation - clear simple information What materials are separated - where is drop-off? Secondary MSHW info & contact information list? Staff routine & responsibilities – Define/Monitor Routine for collection; container transfer & set-out Basic recordkeeping - fee for service monitoring 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Building Redesign / Operation Systems Add or Replace bins / Alternate use of staff time Create an improved “Direct Deposit Recycling Area” – Is there space for FEL? Use FEL in Compactor / Recycling Rooms or Depot locations? Consider all other conversion of existing building infrastructure – use space wisely Explore material transfer with revised operational staff protocols - where needed CLOSE GARBAGE CHUTE/Staff Workload Storage - Service frequency / cleanliness & code 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

COMMUNICATIONS & EDUCATION

Resident Promotion / Education Posters & Container Stickers

ORGANICS DIVERSION Repeated Door to Door Newsletters

Advertising Campaigns
Consider complimenting and reinforcing existing media – consistent messaging 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Ambassador “Champion” Programs Residents helping Residents
Access initiatives to help with peer to peer interaction Municipalities have various initiatives – call or check online Facilitate interaction “keen residents” can help to educate and influence others City of Toronto 3Rs Ambassador Program Coordinator of Volunteer Management CONTACT Charlotte Ueta 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

REDUCING WASTE COSTS STAFF OPERATIONAL STRATIGIES

Staff Protocol Step by Step Instructions
Start with information the Municipality offers - Fully Compact Garbage USE Lid Lock-Down Bar ONLY Full garbage bins put out for dumping Track and record the containers being emptied 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Fully Compact Waste Bins Pressure Gauge & Lid Locking Bar

Control Illegal Dumping Bulk Waste Storage Area
Bulk Waste requires Storage Location Space Options? Security - Consider cameras & signage 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE BASIC DEPOT DROP OFF

Infrastructure Building Design Variances Space influences system options
Equip Suites with “Easy Sorting Options” Location of Stream Storage Sites & Staff Service Compactor Room – (Depot / Transfer / Sorter) Tier 2 Depots- (Mailroom / Moving / Laundry) Tier 3 – (Entrance/Exits / Parking / Outside Areas) Consider a Building Assessment Consultation 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

In Suite - Primary Separation Easy Multi Streams (c/w - organics shown)
Kitchen Sink Recycle & Organic Bins Waste Option? Inexpensive Bag Hangar for reduced Waste 3 Streams – Bag Hangs in front of blue box sloped area 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Most Common Programs Depot Recycling Areas Issues in these areas
Easy access, safety, lighting, signage and décor Select bins that staff can easily handle &/or transfer into final collection bins Accessible bins at “key secondary locations” Increase Recycling & Organics bin options Decrease Waste bin access and capacity Provide adequate bin volume & staff service levels Make it a desirable place for residents to go Message or Events Boards Swap Mart - donate or sell items 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Potential for Recycle; Organic & MSHW
Inside Multi Material Depot Options Central / High traffic / Easy access Potential for Recycle; Organic & MSHW Is one location for all materials possible(MHSW)? Various bin sizes – easier for staff to transfer materials Small bin for waste = lower levy costs & contamination Laundry Room - sink to rinse Organic bins? 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

RECYCLING BAGS & HANGARS PRIMARY TRAFFIC AREAS
Familiar reusable recycling bags in various locations? MAILROOMS & COMMON AREAS Messaging is then repeated/reinforced Routing transfer & cleaning needed Code issues?

ADDITIONAL RECYCLING DEPOTS Modular - Easy Transfer Capacity
Hang bags in high traffic areas - exits & parking No floor space used Cost effective Easy staff transfer Code issues?

EASY TRANSFER OF MATERIALS BAGS HAVE TOP ROPE & BOTTOM HANDLE
Easy to carry to final collection bins Light manageable transfer of recyclables into FEL collection bins Reusable Laundry Bags - need to be washed routinely

OTHER Transfer Options Compactor Room or Elsewhere?
Front Load Bin FEL Direct Resident access = Less staff operation time Thin Bin easy transfer into FEL Bins Totes/various sizes 35 Gal. manageable 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Program Options Recycling; Organics; Bulk / MSHW Planning
Resident & Staff roles - review both Balance the Depot Space; & Staff Service Roles – find the correct balance & protocols Budget the cost of the preferred options Complete an infrastructure checklist - Explore Comprehensive Improvements - CHUTES – Sorter - Staff/Restricted - New? 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

CHUTE BASED SYSTEMS IMPROVED CONVENIENCE on every floor AUTOMATED vs. STAFF OPERATED 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

On Floor Chute Based Retrofit Options More convenience - Reduced elevator use Resident Automated Buttons Staff Managed - Timetables Some buildings may undergo a retrofit for automated Tri-sorters These require adequate are space for a diverter Users must be re-educated & understand system operations Maintenance Budget Costly initial investment Many buildings could undergo On Floor Storage Staff deposits various materials down chute on a timetable (which streams?) Deflector engaged by staff in compactor room Alternative - Overhead OM compactor with “stream coloured” bins 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Chute Retrofit or Exterior Installation Potential Existing Conversion or Additional Chutes Major convenience improvement/all floors Potential solution at many buildings Convert Inside Chute Exterior retrofit at end of hall / stair areas - Requires bin storage & collection truck access 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Resident Bi-Sort system second bin in front (not shown)
Space restriction – Tri-sorter not possible HYBRID Top Load Compactor/Bi-Sorter Resident Bi-Sort system second bin in front (not shown) Staff manages extra stream on a timetable On Floor Organics bins need little space; less overall cleaning tasks May not have fire code issues/ Non-Flammable 3rd bin may go under compactor - or in front OM 100 Compactor – option for STAFF MANAGED OPERATIONS MANUAL diverter = Scheduled deposit / different materials - floor to floor Resident /DO NOT USE CHUTE BETWEEN AM & PM (Barclay) Phase 1 - can automate later & do door button system retrofit if desired Mimics SFD & NYC Condos – door to door collections & chute use. CREATES PEER PRESSUE – set out for all to see who does what! Contamination controlled by staff Wide spread Solution - Adapt to most layouts - manual diverter c/w existing compactor FINALLY – Space HUGH issue - entirely replace the compactor & all bins Wise reinvestment ONCE for bins now - not several times in the future. Bins in Chute Room - “Fire Sprinkler” - Technical violation - Bag hangar – Cheap adapt if needed Don’t have there all the time – numbered empties for “Resident pick up” Organics not flammable! 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

ENHANCED SINGLE CHUTE SYSTEM STAFF MANAGED OPERATIONAL PROTOCOLS

TORONTO Closed Garbage Chute ByLaw Restricted Access OR Staff ONLY Usage
NEW 2010 Toronto By-Law Allowable Garbage Chute Closure Submit System Plan to City Staff 51% + petition of residents Lock Chute Intake Door or Rooms Assumption - take all streams downstairs = equal convenience OPTIONS Compactor Relocation / Deflector Installation OR + 200% more bins Ongoing use of all rooms for storage – Code regulated STAFF MANAGED CHUTE TIMETABLE USAGE 1-Redesign compactor room layout –relocate compactor; bins below chute 2 OM Compactor system replacement? Eliminate Compactor / Install Deflector? Floor Chute Rooms Multi Stream Storage 1,2,3? Hall Door Opening Outward Staff Schedule (Weekends!) Bin Selection / Sized to fit Represents an alternative solution for Organics Diversion!

Staff Managed Chute Room Operations OR 3 Streams in room on each floor Scheduled deposit / different materials - Resident /DO NOT USE CHUTES BETWEEN Designated Staff Operational Hours Mimics Houses & New York City Apartments with door to door collections (Fire Reg. Approval?) & Staff Only chute use. PEER PRESSUE/set out so all now sees who does what! Contamination controlled by staff for minor errors Bins in Chute Room - “Fire Sprinkler” Organics not flammable!? Adapt to most layouts - manual diverter c/w existing compactor OR Top Load compactor with bins exchange Space height issue - entirely replaces ceiling height area needed for a sorter. Wise reinvestment ONCE 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Staff Managed Chute Room Operations Timetable – Elevator vs. Chute Use
Scheduled deposit / different materials - Resident /DO NOT USE CHUTES BETWEEN Designated Staff Operational Hours Mimics Houses & New York City Apartments with door to door collections (Fire Reg. Approval?) & Staff Only chute use. PEER PRESSUE/set out so all now sees who does what! Contamination controlled by staff for minor errors Bins in Chute Room - “Fire Sprinkler” Organics not flammable!? Adapt to most layouts - manual diverter c/w existing compactor OR Top Load compactor with bins exchange Space height issue - entirely replaces ceiling height area needed for a sorter. Wise reinvestment ONCE 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Safe Self Closing Storage Container sized to interface with chute rooms 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Option # 1 Staff Managed - Chute Deflector On-Floor Storage - Staff Managed Chute use Timetable
TOP – Deflector Above compactor BOTTOM – Inside view of deflector TOP - Garbage Chute & Compactor BOTTOM -New Deflector Control Box 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Top Load OM Compactor System Interchangeable “coloured” Bins Assets
Multiple Material Bins Auto Ejection Bin System Saves space - energy - labour & maintenance costs Bin assets changed with paint! TOP LOAD (vertical compactor) OM (Overhead Minimizer) Standard Model Specs The “new wave” in high rise residential buildings Solves many space & materials separation issues Historically used in I.C.I. applications (some modifications) Easily integrated into the construction phase of a high rise project - saving space and diverting materials – helps to get LEED credits Solar or Generator power available for short term construction phase use 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

CHUTE CONVERSION FOR RESIDENT USE AUTOMATED PUSH BUTTON SORTER SYSTEMS

Select Organics Button
Organics Compartment OUT OF SERVICE Red Light = maintenance When power off during night = “Unlit” Select Organics Button No diverter movement Organic Button lights All Floors - Door Unlocks quickly Organic access only All floors - Waste/Recycle buttons lock-out When Last Door Closes System ready for use -NO Flashing Light delay OUT OF SERVICE SYSTEM READY

Organics System Layout

Recyclables Selection
FLASHING LIGHT GOES OUT SELECT RECYCLE BUTTON Recycle Button lights All floors - Diverter moves (few seconds!) - Door Unlocks – use thumb latch Recycling access only All floors Organics/Waste buttons lock-out When Last Door Closes Ready for next selection FLASHING LIGHT DOORS LOCKED OUT SYSTEM READY

Dry Recyclables Bin

FLASHING LIGHT GOES OUT
Waste Compactor FLASHING LIGHT GOES OUT SELECT WASTE BUTTON Waste Button lights All floors - Diverter plate moves - Door Unlocks – use thumb latch Waste access only - All floors Organics/Recycle buttons lock-out When Last Door Closes Ready for next selection FLASHING LIGHT = DOORS LOCKED OUT SYSTEM READY

Waste Compacted into bin

Garbage & Mixed Use (Recycling) Chutes
Traditional Warnock Hersey “Garbage Chute Door” with flap Chutes design traps materials at the door – design flaw with sorters “Multi Material Chutes” (Mixed Use/Recycling) with a “sloped throat” purge materials instantly into the selected container below With a ULc fire rated Stainless doors – no flap is required (no trapping) Material streams go down the chute into the correct bin! NO Deficiencies or flap/baffle to damage – lower maintenance costs DESIGN FLAW in chutes used for multiple materials – MIXED USE CHUTES TRADITIONAL “GARBAGE CHUTES” (DESIGNED FOR GARBAGE ONLY) WERE NOT DESIGNED TO FACILITATE RECYCLING as “MIXED USE CHUTES” are 1990’s CSR (Corporations Supporting Recycling) studies engaged retrofits of 3 buildings with traditional “garbage chutes” – redeployed for Mixed Use -Multiple Material Recycling The result - increased convenience & recycling volume - (BUT ALSO INCREASED “CROSS CONTAMINATION”)

Resident Push Button - Chute Instructions Garbage chute “adapted” for Recycling by residents
Example of “trapped materials” found inside “garbage“ chute door Instructing a resident to “Push Flap” inside chute creates liability! The next user will purge the “trapped materials” into the current bin selected – often reversing “source separation “efforts! Recycling sorter systems need a ULc door without a flap This eliminates the “cross contamination” design flaw!

Garbage Chute “Trap Zone” Mixed Use “Free-Flow” Chute
Trapped materials caught in “throat area” of Garbage chute “Cross Contamination” occurs if next user makes a different selection – freeing material into the wrong container below ULc Recycling Chute Door = better diversion results & safety “Lockable doors” enhance system control, limit damage & protect staff during bin exchange or repair operations.

ULc RATED - Stainless Door OPTIONAL: Lockable feature
Resident Selector Buttons NOTE: No Baffle / Flap Door Lockout feature ULc Flapless Door design solution - eliminates “cross-contamination” Locking door enhances system control with advanced PLC features & remote alerts Access is controlled - time of use eliminates nighttime noise RESULTS: Improved Staff safety; maintenance protocols & increased waste diversion

Chute Tri Sorter (automated) Corner Layout / Centre “Twin Bin”

Automated System Features
Door Lock System Integrated Control c/w Adaptable (PLC) Program features controlled access improved safety Detailed Screen Monitor Auto Lockdown c/w Remote Alert service notification Wireless OR remote panel link Integrated Control System (Compactor & Sorter) “Intelli-Gen” PLC Program Logic Controller

WHAT’S NEXT ADVANCED SYSTEMS FOR WASTE COST REDUCTION OPTIONS FOR (MHSW) MUNICIPAL HAZARDOUS SPECIAL WASTES 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

RTWM – Remote Transmission Waste Management Technology
Wireless Web-based Monitoring System Improves prompt multi-party communication Multiple Notification to: handheld / fax / phone - Container full (ready for removal & pick-up) - Maintenance issue (ram running continously) Secure web accessed data management Accurate full container count / invoice verification Historic data records – planned maintenance 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Compactor System Monitoring Feature & Container Loading Improvements
Data Sensor linked to PLC Photo Eye/extended timer Transmitter – cell alert Twin Adjustable Lid Lock Down Bars Full - Release Clamp 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

How Does it Work? Step 1: Log in to the Head Office Portal from the website Log in for approved users at the Head Office link from Metrogroupcan.com website

Step 2: Click on Remote Management Tab from main interface.
How Does it Work? Step 2: Click on Remote Management Tab from main interface. Click on the Remote Management tab after log-in to access data.

How Does it Work? Step 3: Review performance data for each piece of equipment across organization Customer Bill-to info. Remote Management sequence of events panel View open or completed service call tickets, equipment on order, or send a note to Metro Compactor Toggle to see more/less details Edit button to see more info Remote Management legend Filter search results By Building, region, Date, etc. Fullness of equipment by % across entire organization or building during a particular date range Bin % full across entire organization Type of repairs required to equipment during respective date range Monthly bin pickup % across entire organization. Used to compare on a month-to-month basis

Close-up view of Remote Management Sequence of Events Panel
How Does it Work? Close-up view of Remote Management Sequence of Events Panel Issued PO # upon pick-up # of days between pick-ups Description of triggered event % full at time event was triggered # of equipment cycles Value pertaining to any system code, if applicable. For example, number of bales / bins reported here. Red text indicates a pick-up has occurred (master code), that has a sequence of events that can follow the event, which can be condensed. Date/time event was triggered PSI at time event was triggered Equipment operating time Bag counter value

Close-up view when “Edit” is clicked for a Pick-up Event
How Does it Work? Close-up view when “Edit” is clicked for a Pick-up Event Equipment number Event description Time of pick-up (Lift ticket cross reference) Guage that indicates equipment’s PSI at time of triggered event Essential event details including PO #, PSI/maximum PSI, % full, # of equipment cycles, and operating time Save time/date that has been recorded for the pick-up Send an to the staff / hauler and other related parties

Phase 1 – Industry Associations Tires & Electronics
OTS – Ontario Tire Stewardship – Sept .2009 Replaces former visible tax with retail purchase Car & Light truck tires now – later all types Stewards / Collectors /Haulers & Processors. For info go to OTS 2202 WEEE Waste Electronics - Apr & 2010 Desktop & Portable computers / peripherals Monitors Televisions / Printing devices For info - 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MSHW Phase 1 – July 2010 Materials designated first
Paints, coatings, solvents, strippers degreasers, & their containers oil based fluids, filters & small containers single use non-rechargeable batteries automotive antifreeze & related containers Pressurized propane tanks & cylinders Fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides & their containers. For locations go to - 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

MSHW Phase 2 (Inc. small businesses) Future materials being designated
Other batteries/ NO lead acid car batteries aerosol containers portable fire extinguishers fluorescent light bulbs / tubes - 5 kg/mth. switches that contain mercury – i.e. thermostats, thermometers, barometers Pharmaceuticals, sharps including syringes. 11/14/2018 Copyright Doug King Metro Group

Strategic Action Plan Consider upcoming changes, timing & investments
Empower Separation within each suite Residents need convenient containment options Continuous Concise Communications Repeat Messaging – Use Signage Everywhere Create a Timetable Building Alterations Required - improved space Equipment Requirements (Containers: In / Out) Purchase or Finance – Equipment Assets?

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