1. Native Americans in the West
Standards 8.92, 8.93

2. Treaty of Sycamore Shoals Indian Removal Act/Trail of Tears
Remember????
Treaty of Sycamore Shoals
Treaty of Holston
Jackson Purchase
Indian Removal Act/Trail of Tears

3. Battle of Little Big Horn
They signed treaties with the US government
BUT gold was discovered in the Black Hills of South Dakota

4. -the US government ignored the treaties and moved into the region.

5. Battle of Little Big Horn
a.k.a. Custer’s Last Stand

6. Battle of Little Big Horn
Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull led Native American

8. Battle of Little Big Horn
Custer was a flamboyant and brash officer in the United States Army.
Very overconfident

9. Battle of Little Big Horn
Custer had Gatling guns

10. Battle of Little Big Horn
Custer’s orders:
locate the Sioux camp in the Big Horn Mountains of Montana and trap them until reinforcements arrived.

11. Battle of Little Big Horn
Custer finds a small Indian village on the banks of the Little Big Horn River
Custer ordered his troops to attack
Uhoh, it’s the main Sioux and Cheyenne camp.

12. Battle of Little Big Horn
Within hours the entire 7th Cavalry and General Custer were massacred.

13. Battle of Little Big Horn

15. Battle of Little Big Horn
One of the greatest victories for Native Americans.
the US government worked to calm the Native Americans and eventually confined the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians to a reservation

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17. Wounded Knee
December 29, 1890

19. Wounded Knee
U.S. government worried about the increasing influence of the Ghost Dance spiritual movement

20. Wounded Knee
Native Americans believed they were on reservations because they had angered the gods by abandoning their traditional customs.

21. Wounded Knee
Many Sioux believed that if they practiced the Ghost Dance and rejected the ways of the white man, the gods would create the world anew and destroy all non-believers, including non-Indians.

22. Wounded Knee
On December 15, 1890, reservation police tried to arrest Sitting Bull
thought he was a Ghost Dancer (he wasn’t)
They killed him

24. Wounded Knee When? December 29, 1890 Where? Near Wounded Knee Creek
Who?
the U.S. Army’s 7th Cavalry surrounded a group of Ghost Dancers under Big Foot (Lakota Sioux chief) and demanded they surrender their weapons.

25. Wounded Knee
A fight broke out between a Native American and a U.S. soldier
a shot was fired—no one knows who did it
brutal massacre followed

26. 25 U.S. Calvary soldiers died
Wounded Knee
25 U.S. Calvary soldiers died

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28. Geronimo

29. Who was he??? Video Preview

30. Geronimo Member of the Apache tribe, born in Arizona
Wife and children were killed by the Mexicans
This causes him to hate Mexicans and seek revenge

31. Geronimo
After the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo he was forced onto Arizona’s San Carlos Reservation in the mid-1870s
He added Americans to his hate list

32. Geronimo Geronimo led his followers on a series of escapes
He became a legend and embarrassed the U.S. government.

33. Geronimo
He surrendered to General Nelson Miles in 1886, and remained a celebrity in captivity until his death at Oklahoma’s Fort Sill.

34. Geronimo

36. Chief Joseph

37. Chief Joseph Leader of the Nez Perce tribe in Oregon
His father, Old Joseph, met Lewis and Clark
Before dying in 1871, Old Joseph told his son, “This country holds your father’s body. Never sell the bones of your father and your mother.”
What does that mean???????

38. Chief Joseph
In 1873 U.S. allows Nez Perce to stay in the Wallowa Valley.

39. Chief Joseph But then gold is discovered…you know what that means.
Some move to a reservation in Idaho.
Chief Joseph doesn’t join them.

40. Chief Joseph
Chief Joseph decided to lead 800 of his people to freedom in Canada
They are chased by U.S. troops

43. Chief Joseph Chief Joseph is captured 200 Nez Perce are killed
The remaining Nez Perce put on a reservation in Washington.

44. Buffalo Soldiers

45. Buffalo Soldiers
Buffalo Soldiers were African American soldiers from the 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiment (Army)
formed on September 21, 1866, at Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas
American Indians gave them the name because the soldiers' hair reminded them of buffalo hair.

47. Buffalo Soldiers
George Jordan, a buffalo soldier born in Williamson County and lived in Nashville
received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Indian Wars out west.

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49. The Dawes Act

50. The Dawes Act signed into law in 1887 by President Grover Cleveland.
The Indian Reservations were divided into smaller units and divided among the tribe.

51. Dawes Act head of each household received 160 acres of land.
The government held the land for 25 years until the family could prove they were self- sufficient farmers.
If they were unsuccessful, the government took the land back and sold it.

52. The Dawes Act
created schools for the Native American children so they could assimilate (to bring into conformity with the customs, attitudes, etc., of a group, nation, or the like; adapt or adjust) into society.
Children were sent to boarding schools and punished if they practiced their Native American ways.
They were forced to have haircuts, forbidden to speak their native languages, and traditional names were replaced by new American names.

54. The Dawes Act

55. The Dawes Act
The experience of the schools was often harsh, especially for the younger children who were separated from their families.

57. President Franklin Roosevelt abolished the Dawes Act in 1934

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