1. Psychology as a Profession
Psychologist
Observe, analyze, evaluate behavior
Doctorate degree
Psychiatrist
Medical degree + training in psychiatric medicine
Can prescribe medication
May work with a psychologists when seeing a patient
Phrenology encouraged psychologists to study the role of the brain, rather than the heart, in human behavior.

2. Clinical Psychologist
diagnoses and treats people with emotional disturbances
psychotherapists, dealing with personal problems (mental hospitals, private offices, prisons etc.)
Counseling Psychologist
help people deal with problems of everyday life
Developmental Psychologist
Study changes that occur throughout life
Study physical, emotional, cognitive and social changes throughout life

3. Experimental Psychologist
performs experiments and does research to understand behaviors
Community Psychologist
Mental health or social welfare agency; design, run, evaluate mental health clinics
Sports Psychologist
Mix of biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology
Studies how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sports affect psychological factors

4. Educational Psychologist
helps students learn
Industrial or Organizational Psychologist
employed by businesses to boost production, improve working conditions, make the workplace a more satisfying environment

5. Research v. Applied Psychology
Research Psychologists – study origins, causes, results of behavior
Applied Psychologists – make direct use of the findings of research psychologist; deal directly with clients

6. Methods of Research Naturalistic Observation Case Study
Observe subjects in a natural setting without interfering
Natural behavior
Phrenology encouraged psychologists to study the role of the brain, rather than the heart, in human behavior.
Case Study
Intensive investigation of one or more participants
long-term observations, diaries, tests, interviews

7. Cross-sectional Study
Survey
Interviews, questionnaires, or both
asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
Longitudinal Study
Data is collected over a number of years
Development
time-consuming
Cross-sectional Study
Different age groups – same time – compare

8. Longitudinal vs.
Cross-Sectional

9. Psychological Experiments
Phrenology encouraged psychologists to study the role of the brain, rather than the heart, in human behavior.

10. Double-Blind Experiment
Neither participants nor experiment knows which received medication
keeps researcher unbiased
Placebo effect
change in illness/physical state from knowledge and perception of treatment
believing it will have an effect
fake medication