1. Rise of Dictators

2. Italy - Mussolini Mussolini took over in Italy
His goal: create a new Roman Empire
Promised to rescue Italy by reviving the economy and rebuilding the army
Organized gangs of “Blackshirts” to terrorize those who oppose him
Suspended elections and declared dictatorship

3. Germany - Hitler
Hitler he tried to overthrow the gov’t, but failed
While in prison, he wrote Mein Kampf
Blamed Jews for all of Germany’s problems, proposed building stronger military and expanding German borders
1932 – Hitler becomes Chancellor

4. Japan - Hirohito Condemned by world powers
Japan’s Emperor, Hirohito, also began consolidating power prior to WWII
Japan had also been launching invasions of China, trying to gain more land
1937 Japan begins all-out brutal invasion of China
Condemned by world powers
“Rape of Nanking” – 100,000 civilians put to death or brutalized

6. Axis Powers Germany, Italy, & Japan
All agree to fight Soviet Communism
Agree not to interfere with one another’s plans for expansion
Between 1932 & 1937 they attack & invade nations with no response from the west
APPEASEMENT: Giving into the demands of an aggressor to keep the peace

7. Ted ed—hitler’s rise to power

8. Hitler’s War of Aggression

9. Warm up Hitler wants more land
Predict: What countries will he try to take over first?

10. Rabidly Racist Adolf Suddenly Made Countries Need Powerful Weapons
Nine Steps
Today we’ll talk about the 9 steps of Hitler’s War of Aggression
Write this at the top of your Notes:
Rabidly Racist Adolf Suddenly Made Countries Need Powerful Weapons

11. Hitler Background: Versailles Treaty Background: Alliances
Signed at end of WWI
Limited the size of Germany’s army
Background: Alliances
Hitler had allied with Mussolini in Italy

12. 1. Hitler Re-Arms
Hitler announced that Germany would no longer obey the Versailles Treaty
Started re-arming Germany in 1935
Delighted the German people – created jobs and promised them renewed power
Other countries issued a mild condemnation but did nothing

13. After re-arming, Germany begins to take over the land it lost in WWI

14. 2. Rhineland March 1936 – German troops entered the Rhineland
Went against the Versailles Treaty
Germany had used this as a base for attacks in WWI
But Britain and France took no action
Followed a policy of appeasement
Giving in to an enemy, hoping that makes them happy and they stop

15. 3. Anschluss
Demands for Anschluss - the union of Austria and Germany had increased after Hitler became German Chancellor
March 1938 – Germany’s army occupies Austria
Britain and France had previously pledged to protect Austrian independence, but ignored their pledge

17. 4. Sudetenland Hitler next turned to Czechoslavakia
About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the Sudetenland (part of Czech.)
Hitler demanded the Sudetenland
Czechs refused and asked France for help

18. 5. Munich Conference
France, Britain, Italy and Germany met at the Munich Conference in Sep. of 1938
Gave Hitler the Sudetenland to try to protect the peace
In return, Hitler agreed to respect Czechoslovakia’s new borders

19. 6. Czechoslovakia
Less than 6 months after the Munich Conference, Hitler took Czechoslovakia
March 1939

20. 7. Non-Aggression Pact Britain and France grew worried
Asked the Soviet Union to join them in stopping Hitler
While Stalin negotiated with Britain and France, he also negotiated with Hitler
Finally, Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact on Aug. 23, 1939

21. 8. Poland
Now that Hitler had the Soviet Union on his side, he quickly moved ahead with his plans to conquer Poland
Surprise attack – Sep 1, 1939

22. 9. War!
France and Britain finally declared war on Germany on Sep 3, 1939
Couldn’t stop Hitler before he took Poland
War had officially begun – but it would be over 6 months before Britain and France would really start fighting

23. Mnemonic to help you remember the 9 steps
Rabidly racist Adolf suddenly made countries need powerful weapons.
(Re-Arms, Rhineland, Anschluss, Sudetenland, Munich, Czechoslovakia, Non-Aggression, Poland, War)

24. WWII Map MAP QUIZ in the coming weeks (probably the end of next week)
You will need 4 different colors
Label ALL Nations
Use textbook pages 928 & 943 to label north Africa
Shade the countries corresponding to four categories:
Axis nations in 1939
Axis controlled in 1941
Allied nations
Neutral nations
Be careful when shading the USSR (Divide between Allied & Axis powers)