1. 2A The student is expected to: identify reasons for European exploration
Vocabulary
Exploration
Trade
Europe (European)
Great Britain (England)
France
North America
Reasons for European exploration
Your Name
American History
Mr. Moseley #806
Period #

2. The Rise of Powerful Nations
Reasons for European exploration
_________________________________________
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier
The Rise of Powerful Nations
For centuries, Europe had been a patchwork of small states. By the 1400s, however, a new, larger type of state had developed in Western Europe. Strong monarchs rose to power in Spain, Portugal, England, and France. They began to establish national laws, courts, taxes, and armies to replace those of the local rulers.
These ambitious monarchs sought ways to increase trade and make their countries even stronger and wealthier.
As early as the mid-1400s, powerful countries such as Portugal and Spain began to search for sea routes to Asia. They, too, wanted to engage in foreign trade. This placed them in direct competition with the Italian port cities that had become so powerful a century earlier. As a result, a new era of exploration began.

4. Search for a Northwest Passage
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
Search for a Northwest Passage
In the 1500s and early 1600s, England, France, and the Netherlands sent explorers to map the coast of North America and, later, establish trade and colonies. Explorers also hoped to discover a Northwest Passage to Asia, a direct water route through the Americas.

5. God, Gold, and Glory Religious Rivalries
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
________________________________________
To spread Christian faith.
God, Gold, and Glory
Religious Rivalries
The Europeans who explored and settled in North America in the 1500s sought wealth. They also wanted to spread their Christian faith. The first to arrive were Roman Catholics—the only Christian church in the western part of Europe at that time. Not long after Columbus made his first voyage across the Atlantic, however, religious conflict shook Europe. New rivalries based on religious beliefs emerged.

6. 2A The student is expected to: identify reasons for European exploration
Vocabulary
Exploration
Trade
Europe (European)
Great Britain (England)
France
North America
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
To spread Christian faith.
God, Gold, and Glory

7. Reasons for European exploration
God, Gold, and Glory

8. Primary Sources

9. Better Maps and Instruments
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
To spread Christian faith.
What technology helped European explorers?
_________________________
God, Gold, and Glory
Better Maps
Astrolabes
Compasses
Better Maps and Instruments
Most early maps were not accurate. This was because they were drawn based on the points of view of traders and travelers. Little by little, cartographers, or mapmakers, improved their accuracy. Using reports of explorers and information from Arab and Chinese scholars and astronomers, mapmakers made more accurate land and sea maps. These maps showed the directions of ocean currents. They also showed lines of latitude, which measured distances north and south of the Equator.
People also improved instruments for navigating the seas. Sailors could find their latitude with an astrolabe, which measured the positions of stars. In the 1200s, Europeans acquired the magnetic compass from China. The compass allowed sailors to accurately determine their direction.

10. God, Gold, and Glory Better Ship Design
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
To spread Christian faith.
What technology helped European explorers?
Better Maps
Astrolabes
Compasses
_______________________
God, Gold, and Glory
Better Ships (The Caravel)
Better Ship Design
Advances in ship design allowed sailors to make long ocean voyages. The stern rudder and triangular sail enabled ships to sail into the wind. The Portuguese three-masted caravel (KER•uh•vehl) became the most famous ship of the European age of exploration. Caravels could sail faster and carry more cargo and supplies than earlier ships. These advances and competition for foreign trade led countries such as Portugal and Spain to search for sea routes to Asia. Portugal began its explorations along the west coast of Africa, an area Europeans had never visited before.

11. European Explorers and Conquerors
What technology helped European explorers?
Better Maps
Astrolabes and compasses
New ships called Caravels
How did the Europeans conquer the Native American
_________________________
New weapons
Horses
Diseases (Killed thousands of natives)
European Explorers and Conquerors
The conquistadors' victories over the Aztec and Inca were quick and lasting. How did Cortés and Pizarro conquer such mighty empires with their small forces?
First, the Spanish had weapons and animals the Aztec and Inca had never seen. The Spanish had guns and cannons and they rode horses. To the Native Americans, the Spanish seemed almost like gods. One Aztec recalled the fear that spread at the soldiers' approach: "[T]heir weapons clashed and rattled [T]hey terrified everyone who saw them." Cortés received help from some native people who disliked their harsh rulers and were happy to help overthrow them. Finally, disease played a large role. For many native groups, contact with the Europeans was deadly. With no immunity, or resistance, to European diseases, the Aztec and the Inca suffered terrible epidemics. Illnesses weakened them in their struggle against the Spanish.

12. Great Britain (England) France North America
Vocabulary
Exploration
Trade
Europe (European)
Great Britain (England)
France
North America
Reasons for European exploration
To increase trade becoming stronger and wealthier.
To find a water-route (Northwest Passage) to Asia.
To spread Christian faith.
What technology helped European explorers?
Better Maps
Astrolabes
Compasses
Better Ships (The Caravel)
How did the Europeans conquer the Native American
New Weapons
Horses
Diseases (Killed thousands of natives)

13. God, Gold, and Glory Reasons for European exploration
What technology helped European explorers?
How did the Europeans conquer the Native American

14. Explain picture A and B
A B

15. Use a complete sentence to answer the following question.
1. What was one important result of the encounter between Europeans and Native American Indians?
Native American Indian populations continued to increase.
The African slave trade ended.
New diseases were spread to Native American populations.
Spain’s empire in the New World declined.
Example of complete sentence answer.
Due to encounters with Europeans, __________________________________________.
2. European countries who came to the “New World” were looking for a Northwest Passage in order to- (Hist 2A)
prove the world was round
improve trade with Native American Indians
explore the Great Lakes
find a shorter water-route to Asia
Example of complete sentence answer.
Early Explorers were looking for a Northwest Passage in order to ____________________.

16. colonize/colonization religious tolerance profit fur Overpopulation
Vocabulary
colonize/colonization
religious tolerance
profit
fur
Overpopulation
Immigration
Reasons for European colonization of North America

17. The Rise of Powerful Nations
2A The student is expected to: identify reasons for European exploration and colonization of North America
The Rise of Powerful Nations
For centuries, Europe had been a patchwork of small states. By the 1400s, however, a new, larger type of state had developed in Western Europe. Strong monarchs rose to power in Spain, Portugal, England, and France. They began to establish national laws, courts, taxes, and armies to replace those of the local rulers.
These ambitious monarchs sought ways to increase trade and make their countries even stronger and wealthier.
As early as the mid-1400s, powerful countries such as Portugal and Spain began to search for sea routes to Asia. They, too, wanted to engage in foreign trade. This placed them in direct competition with the Italian port cities that had become so powerful a century earlier. As a result, a new era of exploration began.
Reasons for European colonization of North America
Competition between Spain, England and France.
Increase power through wealth and land. (Mercantilism)

19. Making Momma Fat. Vocabulary colonize/colonization religious tolerance
profit
fur
Overpopulation
Immigration
Reasons for European colonization of North America
Competition between Spain, England and France.
Increase power through wealth and land. (Mercantilism)
Making Momma Fat.

20. Mercantilism
In the early 1600s, many European nations followed an idea called mercantilism.
Mercantilism is a system for building wealth and power by building supplies of gold and silver.
To do this, a country must export, or sell, to other countries more than it imports, or buys, from them.
A country must also set up colonies. Colonies could provide raw materials and serve as a market for exports.
Using previous knowledge and the excerpt above, answer the questions below using complete sentences.
Be prepared to explain the term.
1. What was the major reason European rulers sought to colonize North America?
They needed people from North America to settle in Europe
They sought to learn more about Native American cultures
They sought to expand their power with riches from the “New World”
They wanted a place to send their criminal population
2. According to the theory of mercantilism, the principal purpose of the thirteen American colonies was to provide Great Britain with (Hist 4A)  
Raw materials and markets
Naval bases
Manufactured goods
Military recruits

21. Mercantilism What the Mother country Wants
How the Mother country will get it
How Mercantilism
works

23. Early European explorers who came to the “New World” were looking for a Northwest Passage in order to ---
Prove the world was round
Improve trade with the Native American Indians
Explore the Great Lakes
Find a shorter water-route to Asia
The journeys of Henry Hudson, Christopher Columbus, and Robert de LaSalle to the “New World” were made possible because of the ---
Effects of the Atlantic slave trade
Support of exploration by the English Parliament
Trade connections established by the travels of Marco Polo
Development of new types of ships and new technology
What was the major reason European rulers sought to colonize North America?
They needed people from North America to settle in Europe
They sought to learn more about Native American cultures
They sought to expand their power with riches from the “New World”
They wanted a place to send their criminal population
What was one important result of the encounter between Europeans and Native American Indians?
Native Indian populations continued to increase
The African slave trade ended
New diseases were spread to Native American populations
Spain’s empire in the New World declined

24. On a new page, copy these terms into your Composition book.
1607- Jamestown=first permanent English settlement.
1620- Mayflower Compact= is significant in developing Representative Government in America.
Representative government = a system by which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government.
House of Burgesses = The first representative institution in America.