1. UNIT QUESTION: Is the world safer now, or during the Cold War?
North Korea Summit -- June 12, 2018
Fox News on “the video”:
clips
MSNBC on “the video”
house/watch/the-most-bizarre-moments-of-the-n- korea-summit
Do you remember “Content, Context and Subtext”?

2. UNIT QUESTION: Is the world safer now, or during the Cold War?

3. The United Nations
Following WW2 what steps were taken to maintain world peace?

4. “read” this graphic
share what you know

5. Planning for Peace: The United Nations
June 1945 – UN formed based on idea of world peace through collective security
General Assembly provides place for all members to debate and vote
UN has three powers:
1. condemn aggressor nations
2. use economic sanctions
3. respond militarily
Security Council responsible to maintain peace and security
10 non-permanent members for two-year terms, and
5 permanent members (US, Russia, Britain, France and China) all with veto power which greatly limits the effectiveness of intervention (used 75/78 times by USSR between )
WHO (World Health Organization) and UNICEF (UN Children’s Fund) work to eliminate disease and hunger around the world
IMF (International Monetary Fund) work to stabilize economies of the world and the collapse of currencies

6. United Nations Creation and Structure
Content
(surface and inferred)
Context
Subtext
Information about the UN?
Information about the Cold War?
Where created?
What was happening at this time?
Could this lead to bias?
Author
Audience
Purpose
ww.yout ube.com /watch? v=MgII M4YibU I&featur e=relate d (UN 10 mins.)
PICTURE
What does this documentary say about the Cold War?
Content, Context and Subtext?

7. Civilization on the Brink
The Cold War
Civilization on the Brink

8. Who said this?
The release of atomic power has changed everything except our way of thinking ... the solution to this problem lies in the heart of mankind. If only I had known, I should have become a watchmaker. (1945)
Mankind invented the atomic bomb, but no mouse would ever construct a mousetrap.
Often in evolutionary processes a species must adapt to new conditions in order to survive. Today the atomic bomb has altered profoundly the nature of the world as we know it, and the human race consequently finds itself in a new habitat to which it must adapt its thinking.

9. Bikini Island, 1946
Nevada Desert, (troops are 6 miles from the blast)

10. The “Bomb” How many countries currently have nuclear weapons? NINE!
How many can you name?
US, Russia, China, UK, and France
India, Pakistan, North Korea
Israel

11. What was the cold war?

12. (surface and inferred)
What does this video say about the Cold War?
ww.yout ube.com /watch?v =K8SK28 htqbg&li st=PLDC CF21B7D 161AE26 &index= 55
American Propaganda?
Content
(surface and inferred)
Context
Subtext
Information about the USA at this time?
Information about the Cold War?
Where created?
What was happening at this time?
Could this lead to bias?
Author
Audience
Purpose

13. For the rest of this class “PROCESS” these notes -- highlight, make notations, add questions in the margin, etc. You will need to know this stuff for the lecture.
Lecture Notes
Overview the causes…Quirky BBC

14. What was the “Cold War” and why did it start?
PART ONE

15. Term is used to describe the relationship between America and the Soviet Union 1945 to Neither side ever fought the other directly - the consequences would be too appalling (MAD = “mutually assured destruction”) - but they did ‘fight’ for their beliefs using client states who fought proxy wars. Otherwise they took the following actions (3 examples):
What was the “cold war”?
military coalitions,
strategic conventional force deployments,
extensive aid to states,
espionage,
propaganda,
conventional and nuclear arms race,
appeals to neutral nations,
rivalry at sports events, and
technological competitions such as the Space Race.

16. What it was NOT…
Hot War : this is actual warfare. All talks have failed and the armies are fighting.
Warm War : this is where talks are still going on but armies, navies etc. are being fully mobilised and war plans are being put into operation ready for the command to fight.

17. APK – Why did the cold war begin?
Ideological Differences:
Capitalism, Democracy, Individual Freedom, and Free Media vs
Communism, Dictatorship, Government Control of Individual, Censorship
Prior Conflict
Allied involvement in the Russian Civil War in support of White forces
Stalin suspected that the allies, influenced by Churchill, and delayed the second front to weaken the USSR
Communism speaks of world domination

18. Describe the (randomly selected) events from each column and explain how it was important to the Cold War.
Conferences and Documents:
Yalta, Feb. 1945
Potsdam, July 1945
Sinews of Peace Speech, 1946
Truman Doctrine, 1947
Marshall Plan, 1947
NATO, 1949
McCarthyism,
Warsaw Pact, 1955
Conflicts:
Berlin Blockade and Airlift, 1948
Korea,
Poland, 1956
Hungary, 1956
U2 Crisis, 1960
Berlin Wall, 1961
Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

19. Cold War Causes -- Discussion:
Was the cold war inevitable?
Overview the causes…Quirky BBC

20. Yalta Conference (Feb. ‘45)
Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt
Divide Germany into four ‘zones’, which Britain, France, the USA and the USSR would occupy after the war
Bring Nazi war-criminals to trial
Set up a Polish Provisional Government of National Unity 'pledged to the holding of free and unfettered elections as soon as possible'
Help the freed peoples of Europe set up democratic and self-governing countries by helping them to:
(a) maintain law and order;
(b) carry out emergency relief measures;
(c) set up governments; and
(d) hold elections
this was called the 'Declaration of Liberated Europe'
Set-up the UN

21. Potsdam Conference (July‘45)
Stalin, Churchill, and Truman
Truman replaced Roosevelt and he was determined to get tough on Soviets
In March, Stalin invited the Non-communist Polish leader to Moscow and arrested him
Truman told Stalin about the A-bomb
Disagreed on:
Details on how to divide Germany
Size of reparation payments
Soviet policy in Eastern Europe
Read pp in text and complete Exercise 1 in FS

22. Review Multiple Perspectives – A Bomb
Read what your subject thought. What does this say about the Cold War?

23. Salami Tactics – HUH?
Stalin wished to establish a buffer of friendly, communist states controlled by him
Agreed to “democracies” in eastern Europe, but definition remained unclear
Stalin trained communist nationals in the USSR, who were elected and slowly gave positions of power to other communists

24. The power of a speech….
Churchill’s “Sinews of Peace” (“Iron Curtain Speech” (3 mins.)
Would this have made situation worse?
watch?v=S2PUIQpAEAQ&f eature=related

25. Two Important Documents:
Truman Doctrine
Followed the “Long Telegram” which was a warning from Keenan about the need to stop Russian expansion
Articulated US foreign policy of the Cold War and beyond – “America’s duty to preserve freedom and democracy in the WORLD” by the “ policy of containment”
Truman Doctrine (2 mins)
atch?v=Jb8aW46T3bg
Marshall Plan
Gen. George Marshall
Saw the poverty of Europe leading to expansion of communism
Use economic support to build prosperity and freedom to withstand appeals of communism
Czech PM “falls” out of window  Congressional support
West Germany as ally

26. Berlin Blockade and Airlift 1948-49
In response to proposed currency in West Germany Stalin closed all road and rail access to West Berlin through East Germany and cut off their gas and electricity
Allies responded by massive air supply campaign
NATO formed in (collective security)
Video (10 mins.)
Bq8QS-g&feature=related (10 mins)

27. Over time Europe was divided behind the “Iron Curtain” (Whose speech?)
By 1950:
TWO nuclear superpowers as European nations are exhausted
Acceleration of European decolonization
TWO political and economic systems vying for control of the developing world

28. Cold War Causes -- Discussion:
Was the cold war inevitable?
Overview the causes…Quirky BBC

29. The 1950s –From Politics to Punches
Quirky Overview
sebitesize/history/mwh/ir2/devel opmentsact.shtml
PART TWO

30. McCarthyism and the Red Scare 1949-54
Sen. Joe McCarthy (R)
Following Alger Hiss case he brought the cold war home
1000’s of Americans accused on flimsy evidence of being communists or communist-sympathizers
Targeted union leaders, gov’t employees, entertainers, educators, etc.
9 million investigated, 1000’s of lives ruined by the senate committee
McCarthyism and the Red Scare
pp Ex. 1 - d and e

31. Korean Conflict 1950-53 Comm. North Korea attacks demo. South Korea
US and UN respond with military under Gen. McArthur who retakes South Korea and attempted to reunite Korea
Chinese respond when US near the Yalu River and war wages around the 38th parallel for two more years
watch?v=yLr8FlMPzPc

32. Harry Truman
Is Truman a “hero of democracy”, a “cold war culprit”, or something in between?
Quotes
Favourite? Inferences?
Wiki notes
Process with class
Hero or Villian
A-bomb
watch?v=FN_UJJ9ObDs
Macarthur vs Truman
watch?v=K3JiFsb95kw
May 8, 1884-Dec. 26, 1972

33. It is amazing what you can accomplish if you do not care who gets the credit.
I have found the best way to give advice to your children is to find out what they want and then advise them to do it.
America was not built on fear. America was built on courage, on imagination and an unbeatable determination to do the job at hand.
Carry the battle to them. Don't let them bring it to you. Put them on the defensive. And don't ever apologize for anything.
If you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen.
A pessimist is one who makes difficulties of his opportunities and an optimist is one who makes opportunities of his difficulties.
There is nothing new in the world except the history you do not know.
Actions are the seed of fate deeds grow into destiny.
In reading the lives of great men, I found that the first victory they won was over themselves... self- discipline with all of them came first.
You want a friend in Washington? Get a dog.
Harry Truman Quotes

34. Describe the (randomly selected) events from each column and explain how it was important to the Cold War.
Conferences and Documents:
Yalta, Feb. 1945
Potsdam, July 1945
Sinews of Peace Speech, 1946
Truman Doctrine, 1947
Marshall Plan, 1947
NATO, 1949
McCarthyism,
Warsaw Pact, 1955
Conflicts:
Berlin Blockade and Airlift, 1948
Korea,
Poland, 1956
Hungary, 1956
U2 Crisis, 1960
Berlin Wall, 1961
Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

35. IF STALIN WAS GONE, WHY DID WE ALMOST HAVE WORLD WAR THREE?
PART THREE
Quirky Overview
sebitesize/history/mwh/ir2/devel opmentsact.shtml

36. Nikita Khrushchev
It’s September 12, 1971 and Khrushchev died yesterday. Write his obituary from any perspective you like.
Quotes
Inferences?
De-Stalinisation
Foreign Policy
Poland and Hungary
Berlin Wall
U2 Incident
Cuban Missile Crisis
April 15, 1894 – September 11, 1971

37. Nikita Krushchev

38. Nikita Khrushchev Quotes
Whether you like it or not, history is on our side. We will bury you.
Politicians are the same all over. They promise to build a bridge even where there is no river.
I once said, "We will bury you," and I got into trouble with it. Of course we will not bury you with a shovel. Your own working class will bury you.
Call it what you will, incentives are what get people to work harder.
Support by United States rulers is rather in the nature of the support that the rope gives to a hanged man.
If you start throwing hedgehogs under me, I shall throw a couple of porcupines under you.
If one cannot catch the bird of paradise, better take a wet hen.
Bombs do not choose. They will hit everything.
The more bombers, the less room for doves of peace.
If you live among dogs, keep a stick. After all, this is what a hound has teeth for-to bite when he feels like it!
Nikita Khrushchev Quotes

39. Khrushchev and De-Stalinisation
Stalin died in 1953
Started De-Stalinisation (no more purges or “disappearances”)
“Peaceful Coexistence” – open to living WITH capitalist countries rather than overthrowing them led to rift with Chinese communists
Created Warsaw Pact in to counter NATO
Read pp
Exercise 2 (a, b, e) with F.S. and answer a-e with partner and chart before summarizing your findings in one sentence
Khrushchev and De-Stalinisation

40. Twentieth Party Congress Feb. 1956
Denounced Stalin by praising collectivist and industrial policies but condemning the “cult of Stalin” and terror tactics he used to control USSR.
Focus on farm and industrial production and tolerant of political differences
Echoed Lenin’s, “there are many roads to socialism” view in effort to bring Tito back to Soviet fold and connect with western socialist parties.
Expressed plans to support developing world (now free from colonial rule) economically and politically to achieve socialist victories without violence
Encouraged discontents in Eastern Bloc, angered China, ultimately his economic reforms failed.

41. Polish Unrest, June 1956
Warsaw Pact (military alliance of Communist countries) formed in 1955
Labour unrest in Poznan grew into riots protesting Soviet economic and political domination
Moscow allowed Wladyslay Gomulka to become party secretary
Soviet military control was curtailed, relaxed restrictions on individual liberties, allowed alliance between Catholic Church and Polish government
Poland affirmed allegiance to Soviet foreign policy

42. Unpopular Communist leader, Rokosi and his secret police (AVH), were much hated.
Seeing success of Gumolka in Poland to create a Polish form of Communism inspired anti- Communist feelings in Hungary
Led to a uprising in October and their leader Nagy allowed to be Prime Minister
Soviet troops were going to leave when Nagy declared Hungary would leave Warsaw Pact = Soviets crushed the rebellion
Pp Ex. 6 c and d
Hungarian Uprising, 1956
ch?v=LVdQ9PK9Q5o (9:24)

43. U2 Incident, 1960
US spy plane shot down over USSR when had to drop below 70,000 feet
Capt. Francis Gary Powers captured
Ike admitted spying but no apology
Powers returned in spy swap

44. Berlin Wall, 1961
Built to stop East German from leaving (2.6 million b/n or 2000/day)
Symbol of East-West divide in Europe
Checkpoint Charlie
“Brinksmanship” at work:
b9AMndjr2U&feature=related (4:26)

45. Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962
After failed attempts by US to oust Communists under Castro, including a bungled invasion by Cuban nationalists at the Bay of Pigs, Castro turned to USSR for support/defence
Soviet nuclear missiles sent to Cuba were spotted by US spy planes
Led to showdown which was close to war (nuclear?) between US and USSR
size/history/mwh/ir2/cubanact.shtml
pp Ex. 8 a, d Ex 9 c,

46. Nikita Khrushchev
It’s September 12, 1971 and Khrushchev died yesterday. Write his obituary from any perspective you like.
Quotes
Inferences?
De-Stalinisation
Foreign Policy
Poland and Hungary
Berlin Wall
U2 Incident
Cuban Missile Crisis
April 15, 1894 – September 11, 1971

47. Describe the (randomly selected) events from each column and explain how it was important to the Cold War.
Conferences and Documents:
Yalta, Feb. 1945
Potsdam, July 1945
Sinews of Peace Speech, 1946
Truman Doctrine, 1947
Marshall Plan, 1947
NATO, 1949
McCarthyism,
Warsaw Pact, 1955
Conflicts:
Berlin Blockade and Airlift, 1948
Korea,
Poland, 1956
Hungary, 1956
U2 Crisis, 1960
Berlin Wall, 1961
Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

48. Khrushchev  Brezhnev Khrushchev resigned 1964
“Brezhnev Doctrine” -- a Soviet foreign policy outlined in 1968 which called for the use of Warsaw Pact forces to intervene in any Eastern Bloc nation which was seen to compromise communist rule and Soviet domination

49. Prague Spring 1968
Alexander Dubcek brought “Socialism with a human face.”
Less repressive, more efficient government, raise standard of living, workers have say in operations
Brezhnev was okay with most of the reforms but told Dubcek to SLOW DOWN
Tide of massive popular support led Dubcek to promise FREE ELECTIONS
500,000 East Bloc troops invade
Dubcek NOT executed!

50. Life Behind the Wall
East Germany -- “A Socialist Paradise”
(on YTD)
What do you think life was like behind the “Iron Curtain” and how did this contribute to the fall of Communism?
Jobs
Housing
School
Children
Television, radio, movies
Arts and entertainment
Family life
Relationships and marriage

51. East Germany -- “A Socialist Paradise”
CRITERIA – What was life like behind the “iron curtain”?
your question is your title
Use at least two quotations but don't overdo it (up to you, but max 4?)
As part of your answer make a personal connection to the topic -- if you were born in the DDR what would you like, not like, compare and contrast it to your life now, etc.
Lost World of Communism (BBC)
Watch doc. in short sections (notes)
Discuss (notes)
Will be the basis of short, in-class response.
deo/x16g1ud_the-lost-world-of- communism-part-1_news

52. The Thaw Begins and the Fall of the USSR
Cold War – Final Years
The Thaw Begins and the Fall of the USSR

53. US and Soviet Relations
Détente (1970s) – problems with testing, new nuclear nations, and craziness
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
SALT I but not SALT II
Helsinki Accords (1975)
Civil rights EVERYWHERE
Détente:
watch?v=FAhDQxPHvP0
Watch and take brief notes.
US and Soviet Relations

54. SALT II
Star Wars (SDI)
Afghanistan ( )
The 1980s

55. Dissension in the Eastern Bloc
Prague Spring and Brezhnev Doctrine become a memory
Poland -- Solidarity Movement and Lech Walesa
Fall of communism in Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Romania
Dismantling the Berlin Wall
Dissolution of Yugoslavia
(News Report 6:26)

56. “Final Assessments” Read text and highlight key information
Answer questions from a text source
Note taking from a video “lecture”
Outline Notes
Gathering evidence to support a resolution
Research skills
ESSAY skills

57. Summary of the Final Days
Watch this
  read the summary and complete the OB “Quiz”.

58. The Dissolution of the USSR
Gorbachev was the general secretary in to bring a fresh perspective
Withdrew troops from Afghanistan,
signed agreements to limit nuclear weapons,
allowed Eastern Bloc countries to choose liberal governments
Perestroika (restructuring) and Glasnost (openness)

59. The Dissolution of the USSR
March 1990 – local elections held and non-Communists allowed to run for election and won in Moscow, Leningrad and Kiev
Coup attempt 1991
Hardliners felt too much change – warm relations with the west, demands for independence from some republics, free markets -- too soon
Coup challenged by massive protests in Moscow and leadership of Boris Yeltsin (mayor)
December 1991 the USSR was officially dissolved and the CIS formed (loose association of states, down to 9 members)
The Dissolution of the USSR

60. Summary of the Final Days
Watch this
  read the summary and HIGHLIGHT
complete the OB “Quiz”.

61. Frontline “Putin’s Way”
Outline Notes Criteria
Outline Form
Include both Main Idea and Supporting Details
Abbrev. Used
Comprehensive
h/episodes/ /putins-long- shadow
Watch the video and demonstrate the skill of taking outline notes
On the debate think sheet list all the evidence that Putin is a dictator.

62. SKILL #2 – Gathering evidence to support a debate resolution.
Thesis:
Putin, despite the thin veil of democracy in Russia, is a dictator in all but title.
Claim
Warrant
Impact

63. “Final Research”
Last chance to show your learning.

64. SKILL #3 – Research Skills TOPIC: What’s the relationship between social media and modern dictatorships?
For the LAST block of History 12 you will need to demonstrate your research skills.
Complete the following grid for your chosen source by answering all the question in italics in the space to the right. When you’ve finished answering ALL the questions hand it in to me.
BTW, if you want to print your chosen article to bring into the exam you’re welcome to do that, but I have to “sign it off” for you to have on Wednesday.

65. Not used 2015

66. Can you recall the six themes of history?
Politics, Economics, Society and Culture, Technology, and the Environment
Following the end of WW2 people in the remaining European colonies throughout the developing world sought to improve their lives.  In places such as Vietnam, Indonesia, Kenya, Zaire, the Congo, and many others, changes were afoot.  
Using one of these six themes make up a question about the Cold War and it's impact on the developing world.

67. Research Assignments
PROXY WARS : War
Take one of these DEVELOPING countries from this list (be different)
Find ONE informative, readable, and academically appropriate source (article or site) about how the Cold War impacted that country ( ) and whether or not it made the country better or worse.
Find information that answers the question:
“To what extent are the problems of the developing world today a result of Cold War tensions in the postwar period?”
Complete the research analysis sheet and the url and summary sheet to me so I can read and print them for the final exam.

68. Final Thought
Could it be argued that the Cold War was a success since it eventually thawed and the threat of a hot, nuclear war was enough to postpone a world war for almost 70 years? In the meantime there has been a transformation of communist countries toward more capitalistic and/or more democratic governments which have better relationships with the USA/West. With these changes the threat of nuclear destruction is greatly mitigated. Agree or disagree?

69. Impact of the Cold War Possible Questions to decide to explore?
List of wars related to Cold War:
_to_the_Cold_War
WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE COLD WAR ON THE DEVELOPING WORLD?

70. Final Exam Research
Last chance to practice research skills we worked on in class.
Criteria:
Find three excellent resources about the Cold War on the subject of _____________________
Complete ONE summary and explanation of your research process (see sheet)

71. EXTRA IDEAS

72. Cold War Research Your choice of topic Must include cited quotations
Must include a bibliography
Can be left brain or right brain presentation format
Left – traditional essay or report on incident, biography, etc. (at least 600 words).
Right –
prezi or ppt report with lots of visuals
filmed role play (e.g. newscast, leader document)
Historical narrative

73. The United Nations
Out of the ashes of WW2 arose the UN with the purpose of preventing another world war, as well as social and economic problems
Stemmed from discussions at wartime conferences
Came into being in June 1945 in San Francisco
Security Council with 5 permanent members (each with VETO) dominate UN dealings since can mandate compliance and evoke military actions on aggressor nations (but NOT domestic issues)

74. Problems of UN
Despite this positive step was still tension as seen Soviet suspicions of US domination of UN – located in New York, lots of US personnel rebuilding Europe, and Stalin uses veto on Security Council 103 times
Current issues around deficit funding, bloated bureaucracy, inability to force compliance over “domestic” issues, as well as power struggle between needs of traditional superpower + first world powers, and the majority of developing nations who dominate general assembly and want the focus to be on sharing world’s resources equitably

75. Other contributing factors…
You will explore other causes by studying several primary and secondary documents in groups.
Circulate with your group between stations
Read collected evidence at each stop
Together discuss how each event negatively impacted relationships between the USSR and the USA/West?
Record your findings for the seminar discussion at the end of the lesson