1. RELIGIONS AND PHILOSOPHIES IN ASIA

2. SYMBOL QUIZ
Hindu

3. SYMBOL QUIZ
Star and Crescent - Islam

4. SYMBOL QUIZ
Star and Crescent - Islam

5. SYMBOL QUIZ
Star of David - Judaism

6. SYMBOL QUIZ
Yin and Yang - Confucianism

7. How does a person’s religion affect his or her choices, actions and his or her environment?

8. What is Religion?
Religion pertains to a person’s beliefs that there is a powerful, higher being or force that causes all things and events to happen in the world.

9. Monotheism Polytheism Worship and belief in one God
RELIGION
Monotheism
Worship and belief in one God
Polytheism
Worship and belief in many Gods

10. Judaism Christianity Islam Zoroastrianism
West Asia
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
Zoroastrianism

11. Their God is called Yahweh.
I. WEST ASIA
1. Judaism
Began in Israel
Practiced by the Jews or Israelites
A monotheistic religion
Holy book of the Jews: Torah

12. Their God is called Yahweh.
I. WEST ASIA
1. Judaism
Their leaders are called patriarchs.
Primary teachings: Ten Commandments

14. I. WEST ASIA 2. Christianity
Their God is called Yahweh.
I. WEST ASIA
2. Christianity
A monotheistic religion
Holy book: Bible
Primary teaching: Love God & love others
Catholic church – a denomination

16. 44 hectares with a population of 842

17. Their God is called Allah.
I. WEST ASIA
3. Islam
Second most widespread religion
Means “peace” and “surrender”
Means the “peace experienced by one who surrender to god – Allah”
Founder: Mohammad/Muhammad

18. Mecca where the Kaaba is located

19. City of Medina in present-day Saudi Arabia
Place where Muhammad fled from Mecca
280 miles north of Mecca

20. Shahada – Allah is the only god.
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
Shahada – Allah is the only god.
Salat – prayer – 5 times a day – facing Mecca
Zakat – ready to lend a helping hand to those in need
Sawm – fasting – during Ramadan
Hajj – pilgrimage – travel to Mecca
Hajji – the person who has gone to Mecca

21. I. WEST ASIA 4. Zoroastrianism
Their God is called Ahura Mazda.
I. WEST ASIA
4. Zoroastrianism
One of the oldest religions in the world
Founder: Zarathustra (600 B.C.)
Also known as Zoroaster in Greece
Zarathost in India and Persia
Considered a prophet

22. I. WEST ASIA 4. Zoroastrianism
Their God is called Ahura Mazda.
I. WEST ASIA
4. Zoroastrianism
Holy book: Zend Avesta
World consists of struggles between good and evil
Followers are found in Iran and in India

23. I. WEST ASIA 4. Zoroastrianism
Their God is called Ahura Mazda.
I. WEST ASIA
4. Zoroastrianism
If you do good, you go to heaven with Ahura Mazda.
If you do evil, you go to hell with Angra Mainyu or Ahriman

24. What sets Christianity apart from the other 3 religions?

25. Their god is called Brahman.
II. SOUTH ASIA
1. Hinduism
Aryans established Hinduism in 1500 B.C.
Polytheistic religion
Followers are called Hindus
Sacred book: Vedas

26. Their god is called Brahman.
II. SOUTH ASIA
1. Hinduism
Trimurti = Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva – personifications of Brahman
Pillars of Hinduism: Karma, Samsara, Nirvana,
Gopastami

27. Their god is called Brahman.
II. SOUTH ASIA
1. Hinduism
Karma – “something that was created by or is a result of a person’s actions”
Samsara – cycle of birth and rebirth
- reincarnation – his karma determines whether he will be reborn into a higher or lower form of being

28. Their god is called Brahman.
II. SOUTH ASIA
1. Hinduism
Nirvana – every Hindu aims to break free from the cycle of reincarnation
– Moksha – freedom from samsara
- Nirvana – real happiness and peace – state of tranquility

29. Their god is called Brahman.
II. SOUTH ASIA
1. Hinduism
Gopastami – celebration where cows are cleaned, dressed, and offered food

30. II. SOUTH ASIA 2. Buddhism Budh – “to awake”/ to know
Started in north India in the 6th century B.C.
Emerged as a protest to Hinduism
Based on the teachings of Siddharta Gautama

31. II. SOUTH ASIA 2. Buddhism Budh – “to awake”/ to know
Started in north India in the 6th century B.C.
Emerged as a protest to Hinduism
Based on the teachings of Siddharta Gautama

32. II. SOUTH ASIA
2. Buddhism
Considered a philosophy because it focuses on the proper way of living, correct thinking and right conduct

33. II. SOUTH ASIA 2. Buddhism 4 Noble Truths Life is full of suffering.
Suffering is caused by desire.
Suffering will end with the end of desire.
The way to end suffering is through the Eightfold Path. (p. 270)

34. II. SOUTH ASIA 2. Buddhism 2 types of Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism
Theravada Buddhism – Buddha is a teacher and a holy man

35. II. SOUTH ASIA
3. Jainism
Based on the teachings of Vardhamana Mahavira (“great hero)
Became a sadhana – person who turned his back on worldly comforts
Kevala - enlightenment

36. III. EAST ASIA 1. Buddhism Arrived in China during the Han dynasty
Variations: Japan – Zen Buddhism – based on Mahayana Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism)

37. god - Amaterasu
III. EAST ASIA
2. Shinto
Shinto means “kami no michi” – way of the gods = belief that there are gods in nature

38. IV. NORTH ASIA 1. Shamanism
god - Tengri
IV. NORTH ASIA
1. Shamanism
Gained popularity during the leadership of Genghis Khan

39. PHILOSOPHIES IN EAST ASIA
1. CONFUCIANISM
Emerged in a time of chaos during the Zhou dynasty.
Confucius – founded Confucianism
Focused on right conduct and morals and good governance
Ideal man – “shi” = scholar

40. PHILOSOPHIES IN EAST ASIA
1. CONFUCIANISM
Man is seen as capable to develop his knowledge and become a good citizen through rigorous studying.
Educated man – FIT TO WORK IN THE GOVERNMENT
Can this be seen in Philippine politics today? 
Book: Five Classics

41. PHILOSOPHIES IN EAST ASIA
2. DAOISM
Gained prominence during the Zhou dynasty
Established by Laozi (Lao Tzu)
Based on Tao which means “The Way”
Book: Book of the Way of Virtue

42. PHILOSOPHIES IN EAST ASIA
3. LEGALISM
Emerged during the Warring States Period
Shang Yang and Han Feizi are the main founders of this philosophy
Man is naturally evil.
A philosophy driven by a system of reward and punishment.