1. GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY FIRST AID RESPONSE Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
(A Venture of Gopalan Foundation)
#92/9, 3rd Floor , 80 Feet Road, 8th Block Kathriguppe.
3rd Phase, Banashankari 3rd stage, Bengaluru , INDIA.
FIRST AID RESPONSE
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

2. Principles of first aid
Preserve life:
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Prevent deterioration:
Stop bleeding
Treat shock
Treat other injuries
Promote recovery:
Reassure
Relieve pain
Handle with care
Protect from harm
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

3. Action in an emergency Assess dangers Make safe Give emergency aid
Get help
Clear up
Look after yourself
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

4. The first person at the scene of an incident should:
Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Make the area safe
Reassure the casualty and bystanders
Use bystanders to help
Priorities and respond to the immediate needs of the casualty
Send for help
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

5. As soon as possible: Inform next of kin, if possible
Complete reports to include:
Details of the incident
Location of the incident
Date and time of the incident
Who was involved
What was done
Who was notified
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

6. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Infection control
If possible, wear disposable gloves, improvise with polythene bags or consider whether the casualty can help, eg apply pressure to bleeding.
Remember:
Wash your hands carefully afterwards.
Clean surfaces with bleach diluted 1: with water.
If possible, keep any minor wounds covered with a plaster.
Buy and use a resuscitation face shield.
Dispose of soiled items appropriately.

7. Recovery position
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

8. Levels of consciousness
A – Alert – will talk but may be drowsy.
V – Responds to Voice – responds to simple commands, eg ‘open your eyes’, or may respond to simple questions.
P – Responds to Pain – will react (eg make a noise) to a pinch on the back of the hand.
U – Unresponsive – there is no response at all.
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

9. Causes of unconsciousness:
Fainting
Asphyxia/hypoxia/ near drowning
Imbalance of heat
Asthma
Shock
Anaphylaxis
Heart attack/ angina pectoris
Poisoning
Stroke
Seizures
Head injuries
Diabetic emergencies
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

10. Emergency life support for adults and children
Primary survey
Check for danger.
1 Check for response. Speak loudly and clearly to the casualty. Ask questions like ‘are you all right?’.
If there is no response, shout for help. Do not leave the casualty.

11. Emergency life support for adults and children
2 Open the airway.
3 Check for normal breathing. Look, listen and feel.

12. Emergency life support for adults and children
4 If breathing normally, place in the recovery position.
CALL THE EMERGENCY SERVICES
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

13. Emergency life support for adults and children
For children
It can be more beneficial to give five initial breaths followed by cycles of 30:2 compressions and breaths. One-handed compressions may be more suitable.
Basic life support
Carry out a primary survey:
Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
CALL THE EMERGENCY SERVICES
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

14. Emergency life support for adults and children
1 If not breathing normally, start CPR with 30 chest compressions.
2 Open the airway.

15. Emergency life support for adults and children
Continue with 30 compressions and two rescue breaths until:
3 Give two rescue breaths.
Qualified help arrives to take over.
The casualty starts to breathe normally.
You become too exhausted to continue.

16. Chain of survival
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

17. Shock: causes
Fluid loss – bleeding, burns, severe diarrhoea or vomiting
Cardiac problems – heart attack, electrocution
Anaphylaxis – severe allergic reaction to stings, types of food, environmental features, poisons
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

18. Shock: signs and symptoms
Pale, cold, clammy skin
Weak, dizzy, light-headed
Nausea or vomiting
Thirsty
Yawning
Anxiety or irrational behaviour
Rapid, weak pulse
Rapid, shallow breathing
Dropping level of consciousness
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

19. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Shock: treatment
Treat the cause and prevent the condition getting worse by:
Correct positioning of the casualty
Reassurance
Keeping the casualty fairly warm
Monitoring breathing if necessary
Do not give anything to eat or drink

20. Bleeding Direct pressure Elevate Dress Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Bleeding
Direct pressure
Elevate
Dress

21. Slings Elevation sling Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Slings
Elevation sling

22. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Slings
Arm sling

23. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
Choking

24. Heart attack position

25. Fractures

26. Nose bleeds

27. Duty of care for other people’s children
Whilst first aiders would not normally give medication, youth leaders working with other people’s children have a duty of care equivalent to that of a ‘responsible parent’
They are often required to look after or carry medicines for young children and sometimes need to administer them
Leaders should always seek parental permission before doing so
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

28. First aid kits A guide to the contents of a kit:
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
First aid kits
A guide to the contents of a kit:
1 pair of disposable non-latex protective gloves
20 individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings
2 sterile eye pads
4 individually wrapped triangular bandages, preferably sterile
6 safety pins
6 medium-sized (approximately 12cm x 12cm) individually wrapped sterile unmedicated wound dressings

29. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M
First aid kits
Guidance leaflet (a leaflet supplied with the kit or that you make yourself which includes brief instructions on emergency treatment)
You may like to include:
Resuscitation shield
Scissors
Extra gloves
Adhesive tape
Steripods
Individually wrapped moist cleaning wipes for the first aider’s hands

30. SAFETY FIRST IS SAFETY ALWAYS
GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY
SAFETY FIRST IS
SAFETY ALWAYS
Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S
Fr. Dilip Kumar .M