1. AP US History
Semester 2 Week 2

2. Objectives This Week 5.03 New Migration (Quiz)
5.04 The Social Response (Writing assignment)
5.05 Closing the Frontier (Quiz)

3. 5.03 Quiz Make sure you understand the following topics:
Where the majority of immigrants came from during the gilded age
Chinese Exclusion Act
How immigrants attempted to Americanize
seeking citizenship
Six Companies
Nativism during the gilded age
Chinese immigrants

4. The New Immigrant
During the 1890s, 3.5 million immigrants came to the United States
Over half arrived from southern and Eastern Europe (Russians, Austria-(Hungary)
traditionally, immigrants had come from English speaking countries and Germany
New immigrants viewed as a lower “race:

5. Chinese Exclusion Act
One of the most despised groups were the Chinese.
In 1882, Congress banned immigration from China
In California, Chinese were segregated and banned from public education until 1885.
Chinese were finally allowed to become citizens in 1898 (United States v Wong Kim Ark (1898))

6. Living in America
Many immigrants sought out their own kind and formed enclaves in large cities
Accused by Americans of not trying to assimilate
Discrimination in hiring
Wasn’t unusual to see help wanted ads looking for groups willing to work for lower wages. Certain groups were refused hire (Irish, for example)

7. Six Companies
Group set-up in California to help newly arrived immigrants from China

8. 5.04 The Social Response Long Essay Fill-out template
Pick One Question
Evaluate the extent to which Gilded Age reformers were successful
Most Americans wanted political and social reforms during the Gilded Age, but reform efforts had minimal impact because the reformers could not agree on what types of reforms were needed or how to make them. Support, refute, or modify this interpretation, providing specific evidence to justify your answer

9. Reform Efforts
Labor Unions- helped workers improve their conditions. Formed strikes
Socialism- Advocates for public ownership of property. Seen as dangerous since some advocated for violence.

10. Reform Efforts
Gospel off Wealth- Andrew Carnegie believed the rich should address poverty
Social Gospel Movement- Religious group who helped the poor

11. The Law Wabash v Illinois (1866)- ended state regulation of railroads.
Sherman Anti Trust Act of attempted to prevent business from becoming a monopoly
McKinley Tariff of % tax on imported goods

12. Government Reforms
Ulysses S. Grant signed 8-hour workday for government employees
Conservation- Grant made Yellowstone National Park the first national park
Reformers brought attention to many problems but sweeping legislation to provide fixes was still a long ways away
Not until 20th century would laws be passed to help workers and the poor

13. 5.05 Quiz Make sure you understand the following topics
Corporations in the West
US military affect on Plains Indians
The Peace Commission
Dawes Act
conservationist
Indian ceremonies
Gold in the Black Hills
Indian Schools

14. Settlement in the West
West became a source of conflict for American settlers, Corporations, and Native Americans
Corporations used machinery and railroads to make land profitable
Government provided land grants and military protections
Conservationist efforts to save land and often in conflict with government goal of making the west profitable

15. Conflict with Native Americans
American Government had promised land to Native Americans but many times these treaties were broken
1867 Peace Commission, which established a reservation for several tribes in the Black Hills (MT). **Gold was discovered**
Federal troops killed buffalo and often killed Native Americans with no punishment

16. Indian School
Built to assimilate American Indian children into white society
Cut out all aspects of their Native Americans culture— language, hairstyle, religion, clothing, work, and e even their birth names
Taking children of tribe leaders helped pacify the tribes

17. Dawes Act In 1887, Dawes Act was passed
Native Americans land was broken up into farms. Indians were promised citizenship if they farmed this land
However, the land was quickly taken by white settlers

18. Wounded Knee Massacre
Native Americans gathered for a religious celebration.
Practiced the Ghost Dance, which many believed would result in the end of white settlement
Federal troops opened fire on their ceremony, killing 200 Natives, mostly women and children
One of the worst massacres in American history