1. The Thirteen Original English Colonies

2. Other European Nations in North America
New France
1524 Giovanni da Verrazano explored for France along coast from present-day Carolinas to Maine.
Jacques Cartier discovered St. Lawrence River.
Samuel de Champlain founded France’s first permanent settlement in New World.
Sieur de la Salle claimed land from Great Lakes to mouth of Mississippi.
New Netherland
In 1609 the Dutch sent Henry Hudson to search for a Northwest Passage and discovered the Hudson River area.
The Dutch claimed territory along the Atlantic coast.
The colony of New Netherland drew settlers from all over northern Europe.

3. Types of English Colonies
Royal  Britain directly ruled the colony. Parliament appointed a governor and a council known as the Upper House. The colonists would be allowed to elect an assembly called the Lower House.
Proprietary  Individuals or groups to whom Britain had granted land. They were generally free to rule as they wished. The colonists were allowed to elect the Lower House.
Charter  A charter is a contract between the people who came to the colony and the monarch in England. The people would elect the Lower House. The Lower House would elect the Upper House, then together, the Upper and Lower Houses would appoint the governor.

4. The 13 English Colonies
New England
Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies

5. The Three Regions New England Middle Southern Maryland Virginia
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Middle
New York
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New Jersey
Southern
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

6. New England Environment
Northern Eastern Woodlands
Very short growing season
Long, cold winters
Large forests
Located along the northern Atlantic coast

7. New England Culture PRODUCTS Subsistence Farming
Timber and Ship Building Supplies (Rope, Masts, Tar)
Dried Fish
Rum and other Manufactured Trade Goods
PEOPLE
Puritans and Pilgrims who believed in working hard and following strict rules.
Merchants, Manufacturers, and Lawyers.

8. New England Government
Self-Governing Charters
Town Meetings
The Mayflower Compact
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island

9. Middle Colonies Environment
Lower Eastern Woodlands
Medium growing season and cold winters.
Many lakes and rivers for transportation.

10. Middle Colonies Culture
PRODUCTS
Called the Bread Colonies
Farmed Wheat, Oat, Barley and Rye.
Made homespun products.
Traded very little.
PEOPLE
People from: England, the Netherlands, France, Germany and others.
Puritans, Quakers, Anglicans, Catholics, and Jews.

11. Middle Colonies Government
New York
Proprietary Charters
Religious Freedom and Tolerance
Freedom of the Press
Strong Courts
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware

12. Southern Colonies Environment & Culture
Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains.
Long growing season and fertile land.
Warm for most of the year
PRODUCTS
Farmed Tobacco, Rice, Indigo, and Cotton.
Trade “cash crops” farmed on Plantations.
Purchase manufactured goods.

13. Southern Colonies People
Anglicans
English Plantation Owners, Indentured Servants, Transported Criminals, and Slaves.
Southern Colonies People

14. Southern Colonies Government
Maryland
Virginia
Joint-Stock and Proprietary Charters.
The House of Burgesses
Colonies run for the profit of the Joint-Stock Company or Proprietors.
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

15. Colonial Regions Vocabulary
Merchant: A person who produces or trades goods.
Subsistence Farming: When a family grows only enough food to survive.
Homespun: Products that are made at home (furniture, clothing, etc.)
Cash Crops: Crops that are grown in large amounts and sold for a profit.

16. Colonial Regions Vocabulary
Indentured Servants: People who are brought to the colonies and must work to pay off the trip.
Transported Criminals: Criminals that are taken from jail and made to work in the colonies.
Slaves: People captured in Africa and sold to plantation owners. The plantation owner saw them as property.