1. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

2. Biology Announcements
No Homework

3. KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

4. I will be able to…
Describe the different organelle and what there functions in the cell area

5. Cells have an internal structure.
The cytoskeleton has many functions.
supports and shapes cell
helps position and transport organelles
provides strength
assists in cell division
aids in cell movement
Contains the fluid
substance suspending
organelles - cytoplasm

6. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
The nucleus stores genetic information.

7. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
The nucleus stores genetic information.
Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum
Facilitation of protein folding and the transport of synthesized proteins in sacs

8. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.
rough endoplasmic reticulum – ribosomes on it
smooth endoplasmic reticulum – no ribosomes

9. Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

10. Golgi Apparatus packages proteins inside the cell before they are sent to their destination
Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials. (Seen in endocytosis and exocytosis)

11. Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Important in digesting food for energy in cellular respiration in the cell
Has its own DNA; Endocytosis hypoth.

12. Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.
Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.

13. Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.
Centrioles help divide DNA.
Centrioles form cilia and flagella.

14. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
A cell wall provides rigid support.
Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy
Where Photosynthesis occurs to form food for plants

15. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

16. Biology Announcements
Homework:
Go to my website: dvhshamiltonearthscience.weebly.com
Complete survey by clicking on orange survey button on home page of the website

17. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

18. Biology Announcements
Homework: Sign up for turnitin.com Go to my class website: dvhshamiltonearthscience.weebly.com and click on the Turnitin.com pdf file under you subject matter

19. Bell Work
Explain how the endoplasmic reticulum plays a significant role in the formation of proteins.
Which organelle is in charge of processing food into energy?
Which organelle is in charge of converting solar energy into chemical energy (food)?

20. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

21. Biology Announcements
No Homework

22. Bell Work What is photosynthesis?
How do you think photosynthesis works?

23. KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy.

24. I will be able to…
Recognize the importance of ATP as an energy-carrying molecule
Identify energy sources used by organisms

25. The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP.
Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds.
Starch molecule
Glucose molecule

26. Energy is released when a phosphate group is removed.
ATP transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell functions.
Energy is released when a phosphate group is removed.
ADP is changed into ATP when a phosphate group is added.
phosphate removed

27. Organisms break down carbon-based molecules to produce ATP.
Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP.
not stored in large amounts
up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule
triphosphate
adenosine
diphosphate
tri=3
di=2

28. Fats store the most energy.
80 percent of the energy in your body
about 146 ATP from a triglyceride
Proteins are least likely to be broken down to make ATP.
amino acids aren’t usually needed for energy
about the same amount of energy as a carbohydrate

29. A few types of organisms do not need sunlight and photosynthesis as a source of energy.
In chemosynthesis, chemical energy is used to build carbon-based molecules.
similar to photosynthesis
uses chemical energy instead of light energy

30. 4.1 ACE assignment A – Answer the question C – Cite your sources
E – Explain using evidence in cited source
Read the little reading and the questions
Answer the questions
Cite where you got your answer using different colors for each question (highlighter or underlining with color pencils)
Push yourself to explain and elaborate on answer

31. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

32. Biology Announcements
Homework: 4.2 Rein enforcement questions Due: Tomorrow

33. Bell Work
Explain how the ATP/ADP Cycle works
What is chemosynthesis?

34. KEY CONCEPT The overall process of photosynthesis produces sugars that store chemical energy.

35. I will be able to… Relate producers to photosynthesis
Describe the process of photosynthesis

36. Takes about 10 minutes to work on 4.1 reinforcement

37. Organisms break down carbon-based molecules to produce ATP.
Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP.
not stored in large amounts
up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule
triphosphate
adenosine
diphosphate
tri=3
di=2

38. Photosynthetic organisms are producers.
Photosynthesis: producers captures energy from sunlight to convert it into chemical energy to make sugars for a food source.
Producers, often plants, make their own source of chemical energy.

39. Chlorophyll: molecule that absorbs light energy.
Found in chloroplasts.
Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light and reflects green light
Other pigments found in cell for different colors
chloroplast
leaf cell
leaf

40. Photosynthesis in plants occurs in chloroplasts.
Photosynthesis takes place in two parts of chloroplasts.
grana (thylakoids)
“Sac like”
Stroma –Cavity in the
chloroplast
chloroplast
stroma
grana (thylakoids)

41. The light-dependent reactions capture energy from sunlight.
Takes place in the chloroplast
Sunlight enters the chloroplast
Water is brought into the chloroplast
Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy in thylakoid
Oxygen is released
Energy is transferred along thylakoid membrane to light-independent reactions

42. The light-independent reactions make sugars.
7. Needs carbon dioxide (CO2) from atmosphere
8. Light Independent reactions occur in stroma
9. Uses energy to build a sugar in a cycle of chemical reactions

43. Photosynthesis Chemical Reaction Equation:
Different molecules come together in a chemical reaction to form food and breathable oxygen.
Photosynthesis Chemical Reaction Equation:

44. Products: the resultants after a chemical reaction happens
Reactants: A substance participating in the initiation chemical reaction
Products: the resultants after a chemical reaction happens
Reactants
Products

45. Exit Slip
In your own words, explain the basic premise behind the process of photosynthesis
Why is the process of photosynthesis so important?

46. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

47. Biology Announcements
NO HOMEWORK

48. Bell Work
In your own words, explain the basic premise behind the process of photosynthesis
Why is the process of photosynthesis so important?

49. KEY CONCEPT Photosynthesis requires a series of chemical reactions.

50. I will be able to…
Describe the light-dependent reactions in which energy is captured
Describe the light-independent reactions in which sugar is produced

51. The first stage of photosynthesis captures and transfers energy.
The light-dependent reactions include groups of molecules called photosystems.

52. Photosystem II captures and transfers energy.
1. Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight and energized electrons enter electron transport chain (ETC)
2. Water molecules are split and electrons enter chlorophyll
3. Energy from electrons in ETC is used to pump Hydrogen ions across thylakoid membrane as

53. Photosystem I captures energy and produces energy-carrying molecules.
4. chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight and transfer it to electrons
5. energized electrons are used to make NADPH and is transferred to light-independent reactions

54. 7. Ions diffusion through channel to form ATP
Photosystem I captures energy and produces energy-carrying molecules.
6. Hydrogen ions flow by diffusion through a protein channel in the thylakoid membrane
7. Ions diffusion through channel to form ATP

55. Videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v590JJV96lc

56. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

57. Biology Announcements
NO HOMEWORK

58. Bell Work
What are the two energy source molecules formed in the light dependent reactions
What is the byproduct made in the light dependent reaction?
Explain the role of channel proteins and enzymes in the light dependent reaction.

60. Bell Work
What is the byproduct made in the light dependent reaction?

62. Bell Work
Explain the role of channel proteins and enzymes in the light dependent reaction.

64. KEY CONCEPT Photosynthesis requires a series of chemical reactions.

65. I will be able to…
Describe the light-dependent reactions in which energy is captured
Describe the light-independent reactions in which sugar is produced

66. The light-dependent reactions produce ATP.
hydrogen ions flow through a channel in the thylakoid membrane
ATP synthase attached to the channel makes ATP

67. Light-independent reactions occur in the stroma and use CO2 molecules.
The second stage of photosynthesis uses energy from the first stage to make sugars.
Light-independent reactions occur in the stroma and use CO2 molecules.

68. A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight.
1. carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle
2. energy is added and carbon molecules are rearranged
3. a high-energy three-carbon molecule leaves the cycle

69. A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight.
4. two three-carbon molecules bond to form a sugar
5. remaining molecules stay in the cycle

70. 4.3 ACE assignment A – Answer the question C – Cite your sources
E – Explain using evidence in cited source
Read the little reading and the questions
Answer the questions
Cite where you got your answer using different colors for each question (highlighter or underlining with color pencils)
Push yourself to explain and elaborate on answer

71. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
Make sure you are wearing your ID’s
Have all necessary materials out
All back packs on the floor
All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
All IPods off and headphones out of your ears
Hats off
No food or drink except for water

72. Biology Announcements
4.4 Reinforcement questions ACE Format Due: Tomorrow October 30th

73. Bell Work
In your own words, describe the Calvin Cycle aka light independent reaction in photosynthesis.

74. KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

75. Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars.
Cellular Respiration: process through which sugars and other carbon molecules are broken down to produce ATP
mitochondrion
animal cell
Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen.
Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria.

76. Glycolysis must take place first.
takes place in cytoplasm
splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules
produces two ATP molecules
anaerobic process (does not require oxygen)

77. Cellular respiration is like a mirror image of photosynthesis.
The Krebs cycle transfers energy to an electron transport chain.
1. takes place in mitochondrial matrix
2. breaks down three-carbon molecules from glycolysis
6H O 2
6CO 6O
mitochondrion
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
inner membrane
ATP
energy
energy from glycolysis 1 4 3
and
Krebs Cycle
3. Krebs cycle takes place in mitochondrial matrix; makes a small amount of ATP
4. releases carbon dioxide
5. transfers energy-carrying molecules

78. energy from glycolysis
The electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP.
takes place in inner membrane
energy transferred to electron transport chain
6. Energy from glycolysis and oxygen enters process
7. Lots of ATP and water produced and released as waste
6H O 2
6CO 6O
mitochondrion
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
inner membrane
ATP
energy
energy from glycolysis 1 4 3
and
Electron Transport

79. The equation for the overall process is:
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

80. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
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All cell phones on silent and away in backpacks
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No food or drink except for water

81. Biology Announcements
Homework: 4.5 Reinforcement questions Extra Credit: Active dry yeast Balloons

82. KEY CONCEPT Cellular respiration is an aerobic process with two main stages.

83. Glycolysis is needed for cellular respiration.
The products of glycolysis enter cellular respiration when oxygen is available.
two ATP molecules are used to split glucose
four ATP molecules are produced
two molecules of NADH produced
two molecules of pyruvate produced

84. The Krebs cycle is the first main part of cellular respiration.
Pyruvate is broken down carbon dioxide released
Coenzyme A (CoA) bonds to two-carbon molecule; enters Kerbs cycle

85. The Krebs cycle produces energy-carrying molecules.

86. The Krebs cycle produces energy-carrying molecules.
3. Citric acid
(six-carbon molecule) is formed
4. Citric acid is broken down, carbon dioxide is released, and NADH is made
5. Five-carbon molecule is broken
down, carbon dioxide is released,
NADH and ATP are made
6. Four-carbon molecule is rearranged, NADH and FADH2 is made

87. 7. The Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle)

88. The electron transport chain is the second main part of cellular respiration.
1. Energized electrons removed from NADH and FADH2 to make ATP.
2. High-energy electrons enter electron transport chain snf str used to transport hydrogen ions across the inner membrane
3. Hydrogen ions flow through a channel protein (ATPsynthase)
in the inner mitochondrial
membrane

89. Electron Transport Chain helps form ATP and Water from Glucose

90. The electron transport chain is the second main part of cellular respiration.
The breakdown of one glucose molecule produces up to 38 molecules of ATP.
ATP synthase produces ATP
Oxygen picks up electrons and hydrogen ions to form water
Water is released as a waste product

91. Summing up Cellular Respiration

92. Daily Routine Sit in your appropriate seat quietly
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93. Biology Announcements
Chapter 4 Test: November 12th

94. Bell Work What is the purpose of NADH and FADH2
Where is ATP made? What is the process involved with ATP production?
What is the use of CoA in the Krebs cycle?

95. KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen.

96. Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue.
Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable.
Fermentation is an anaerobic process.
occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration
does not produce ATP

97. Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable.
NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells.
glycolysis splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules
pyruvate and NADH enter fermentation
energy from NADH converts pyruvate into lactic acid
NADH is changed back into NAD+

98. Fermentation and its products are important in several ways.
Alcoholic fermentation is similar to lactic acid fermentation.
glycolysis splits glucose and the products enter fermentation
energy from NADH is used to split pyruvate into an alcohol and carbon dioxide
NADH is changed back into NAD+
NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis

99. Fermentation is used in food production.
yogurt
cheese
bread