1. English Art & Architecture
Middle Ages
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2. Characteristics of Medieval Art
Disproportionate (body parts wrong)
All faces the same, unrealistic
Important figures larger
Perspective wrong or absent (no depth/distance)
2 dimensional, flat and dull
Religious & military themes
Illuminated manuscripts
180 degree relief statues
Bright colors
Artists are craftsmen, work for guild

3. Both relief sculptures from cathedrals
No proportion or perspective
Right shows the weighing of souls.

4. Book of Kells, Book of Luke
Illuminated manuscripts
Monastic scholars, skilled in the art of illuminating manuscripts

5. Military theme
No perspective, no proportion
Tents as large as the castle
Flat, not three dimensional

6. St Francis of Assisi, 1235
Bright colors
Religious theme
Most important figure is largest
Same faces
Hands out of proportion

7. Madonna Enthroned By Giovanni Cimabue 1280-90
12’ x 7’
A little bit of 3-D in throne, but that’s about it
Bright colors
Religious theme
Most important figure is largest
Hands out of proportion
Faces all the same
Baby Jesus looks like little man
Madonna Enthroned By Giovanni Cimabue

8. Detail
Ears are not in perspective

9. Madonna Enthroned, Duccio 1308-1311
A little bit of 3-D in throne, but that’s about it
Bright colors
Religious theme
Most important figure is largest
Hands out of proportion
Faces all the same
Baby Jesus looks like little man
Madonna Entroned, by Duccio
7’ x 13’
Madonna amidst angels and saints
Figures softened
Some perspective in throne
Madonna Enthroned, Duccio

10. Annunciation Simon Martini, 1333 Simon Martini, Annunication 1333
Elegant shapes and radiant colors
Angel Gabriel has golden wings
Angel almost royalty - Madonna shies away - in presence of royalty
Puts down her book of devotion
Annunciation
Simon Martini, 1333

11. Bright colors, no depth (2 dimensional)

12. Medieval
Architecture

13. Romanesque Barrel Vaults Blind Arcade Arcade Rounded arches
Thick, massive walls
Small windows and door openings
Examples of Romanesque architecture can be found across the continent. Many castles were built during this period, but they are greatly outnumbered by churches. The Romanesque style in England is traditionally referred to as Norman architecture.
The term Norman architecture is used to categorize styles of Romanesque architecture developed by the Normans in the various lands under their dominion or influence in the 11th and 12th centuries. The term is traditionally used for English Romanesque architecture.
The Normans introduced large numbers of castles and fortifications including Norman keeps, and at the same time monasteries, abbeys, churches and cathedrals, in a style characterized by the usual Romanesque rounded arches (particularly over windows and doorways) and especially massive proportions compared to other regional variations of the style.
Romanesque architecture is known by its massive quality, its thick walls, round arches, sturdy piers, groin vaults, large towers and decorative arcading. The overall appearance is one of simplicity when compared with the Gothic buildings that were to follow.
Walls
The walls of Romanesque buildings are often of massive thickness with few and comparatively small openings.
Arches
The arches used in Romanesque architecture are nearly always semicircular
Arcades
An arcade is a row of arches, supported on piers or columns. They occur in the interior of large churches, separating the nave from the aisles, and in large secular interiors spaces, such as the great hall of a castle. Arcading on a large scale generally fulfils a structural purpose, but it is also used, generally on a smaller scale, as a decorative feature, both internally and externally where it is frequently "blind arcading" with only a wall or a narrow passage behind it.
Narrow doors and small windows
Barrel vaults
Large “thick” towers

14. Gothic Lacy look Windows / light Tall spires Pointed arches
Flying buttress
Ribbed vaults
Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities and to a less prominent extent, private dwellings.
Gothic cathedrals represented the universe in microcosm, and each part of the structure was intended to convey the great glory of God.
Its characteristic features include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress.
In Gothic architecture a new building style with new technologies emerged. Those technologies were the pointed arch, the ribbed vault, and the flying buttress.
The Gothic style emphasizes vertical lines and light.
Light
One of the most distinctive characteristics of Gothic architecture is the expansive area of the windows
The simplest shape is the long opening with a pointed arch known in England as the lancet.