1. History of South Asia

2. Developments of the Indus Valley Civilization
Writing system
Strong central govn’t
Masters of overseas trade
Organized, planned cities
Uniform weights and measures

3. Indus Valley Civilization
Mohenjo-Daro

4. Two of the world’s oldest cities?
Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa
Technology
Bricks made by kilns (still used today)
Plumbing systems
Sanitation systems
Signs of dentistry: drilled,
crowned teeth!

5. Mohenjo-Daro: Great Bath

6. What do many scientists believe led to their decline?
Flooding
Drought
Δ in monsoons leaves area cool & dry
Tectonic activity diverts river elsewhere
Disease

7. Who were the Aryans? What were the Vedas?
Light-skinned herders and hunters from the northwest (possibly 1700 B.C.E.)
What were the Vedas?
Collection of sacred writings- show ideas of religion, social structure, hymns, etc.
Hindu sacred text (to some); oldest in Sanskrit

8. Aryan Arrival

9. Aryan social class pyramid
Structure was first (intermarriage, etc), but became more complex and rigid caste system

10. Mauryan Empire 320-180 B.C.E. (Chandragupta Maurya)
Ruled all but southernmost India
Buddhism (Asoka’s pillars)

12. Gupta Empire 320-550 C.E. (Chandra Gupta I)
Golden Age of India (sciences, math, astronomy, religion)
Concept of zero & infinity, origin of Arabic #s, heliocentric theory
Hinduism

13. 500 healing plants identified Printed medicinal guides
Gupta Achievements
1000 diseases classified
500 healing plants identified
Printed medicinal guides
Kalidasa
Literature
Plastic Surgery
Medicine
Inoculations
Gupta India
C-sections performed
Solar Calendar
Astronomy
Mathematics
Decimal System
The earth is round
PI =
Concept of Zero

15. Muslim missionaries & traders were moving across Africa & Asia
Mogul (Mughal) Empire
Muslim missionaries & traders were moving across Africa & Asia
Moguls, over time, took control over most of Indian subcontinent (1526)
Most land gained under Akbar
Defeated only by British in 1857

16. Taj Mahal (Agra, India)
CE by Shah Jahan

17. Who were the first Europeans?
Portuguese, 1500
The East India Company and its significance
Began as a trade company for East Indies mainly India & China
Soon began ‘ruling’ some India ( )
British Crown then took control of India
(there was a Dutch EIC that affected Africa, and SE Asia islands)

18. What did the British call their empire
What did the British call their empire? How did colonization influence Indian culture?
Raj (empire)
Brought English language*
New educational system
Built RRs
Civil/public services

20. Modern South Asia India What is significant about 1947?
Gained independence from Britain
How was India further divided?
India formed for Hindus, Pakistan (east & west) for Muslims
How might the division of India impact people?
Forced to move to country of religion violent conflicts erupted
Kashmir

21. Modern South Asia Sri Lanka** Maldives
When did Sri Lanka gain independence, from who?
1948 from Britain; Ceylon S.L. (1972)
Britain favored Tamils…prelude to civil war
Maldives
When did the Maldives gain independence, from who?
1965 from Britain
But had been settled by Buddhists, Muslims, Portuguese, and the Dutch!!

22. Modern South Asia Pakistan/Bangladesh What is significant about 1971?
Indo-Pakistani War b/w East & West, India fought against West Pak. Bangladesh created
Extremely violent
(began with genocide
against Bengali Hindus)

23. Modern South Asia What are 2 regional conflicts:
Kashmir disputed b/w India & Pakistan
Nuclear proliferation adds to tension
Tamils want independent state w/in Sri Lanka (civil war)
**More details on your Webquest!!