1. Industrialization

2. Urbanization City building and the movement of people
Grew around factories
Where jobs were
Markets
Number of cities with over 100,000 people doubles
New social classes form

3. How did living conditions change?
Poor city dwellers
Disgusting environment
Rapid urbanization; housing and sanitation did not keep pace
Factory workers
14 hours a day 6 days a week
Injuries and disease
Children
Worked in factories

4. The Jungle
“Let a man so much as scrape his finger pushing a truck in the pickle-rooms, and he might have a sore that would put him out of the world; all the joints in his fingers might be eaten by the acid, one by one. Of the butchers and floorsmen, the beef-boners and trimmers, and all those who used knives, you could scarcely find a person who had the use of his thumb; time and time again the base of it had been slashed, till it was a mere lump of flesh against which the man pressed the knife to hold it. The hands of these men would be criss-crossed with cuts, until you could no longer pretend to count them or to trace them. They would have no nails,—they had worn them off pulling hides; their knuckles were swollen so that their fingers spread out like a fan. There were men who worked in the cooking-rooms, in the midst of steam and sickening odors, by artificial light; in these rooms the germs of tuberculosis might live for two years, but the supply was renewed every hour.”

5. Living Conditions Continued
Wealthy merchants
Business world wealth
Just as rich as aristocrats
Lower middle class
Neither rich nor poor
Comfortable living
Large landowners and aristocrats
Saw themselves as better than the wealthy merchants

6. Effects Positive Negative New Jobs Class Resentment Middle Class
Dirty and unsafe factories/working conditions
Technological progress and innovation
Exploited workers
Cheaper goods
Polluted air and water
Improved standard of living; increase need for education
Tax revenue

7. Industrialization United States Slater brings designs over
Move from rural homes to the northeast cities
Rise of Corporations
Corporations have stockholders; stock is a piece of ownership of a company
Robber Barons
Belgium
Adopted British technology
Designs smuggled in
Germany
Pockets of industry due to isolationism
Built railroads linking resources

8. Global Inequality
Gap between industrialized and non-industrialized widens
See poorer nations as a constant source of raw materials; turn around and sell them products
Imperialism
In a way we still do this
Gives Europe enormous power
Revolutionized life
Wealth, population, health, education etc.

9. How the Other Half Lives
“Long ago it was said that "one half of the world does not know how the other half lives." That was true then. It did not know because it did not care. The half that was on top cared little for the struggles, and less for the fate of those who were underneath, so long as it was able to hold them there and keep its own seat. There came a time when the discomfort and consequent upheavals so violent, that it was no longer an easy thing to do, and then the upper half fell to inquiring what was the matter. Information on the subject has been accumulating rapidly since, and the whole world has had its hands full answering for its old ignorance.”