1. Enlightenment and Revolution in England and America
Ch. 20
Enlightenment and Revolution in England and America

2. Key Vocabulary Commonwealth Constitution Charles I
Petition of Right (Primary Source)
Long Parliament
Cavaliers
Roundheads
Oliver Cromwell
New Model Army
Rump Parliament
Navigation Act of 1651

3. 20.1 English Civil Wars Key Players: England, Ireland, and Scotland
Desire for liberty and rights of the people
Read pp
Complete Ch Vocabulary
Ch W.S.

4. Absolute Tyrant
Charles I imposed taxes on the people without Parliament’s consent
Formal religious ceremonies of the Anglican Church
Puritans sought to “purify” the Church
Royal Courts: Lacked juries and punished critics of the Church

5. Scotland Presbyterians
National Covenant: any change to the Scottish church would violate their religious/political freedom
Charles sent troops to break up rebellion
Called Parliament into session to seek funds to resist Scotland
Long Parliament: inconsistently in session
Passed law that required Parliament to meet at least 1 every 3 years

6. Ireland England had conquered parts of Ireland in the 1100s
Native Irish Catholics worked as tenant farmers and laborers
British treated them harshly
Little rights or freedoms
1641: bloody civil war broke out
Division in England over who should control the army: Charles or Parliament?
Civil War begins in 1642

7. Petition of Right
Objectives of the 1628 English legal reform movement that led to the Civil War/Deposition of King Charles I in 1649
List 5 basic rights we have in the U.S.
Read the Document independently and circle any words you do not know or can’t pronounce
On a separate sheet of paper, make a list of your unknown words and define them.
Highlight the violations by the king of their liberties
Lines : Highlight the 4 liberties the people demand
No quartering of troops, taxation without Parliament approval, habeus corpus, martial law
Compare your list of liberties to the Petition of Right
Similarities and Differences

8. English Civil War Supporters of the King: Royalists or Cavaliers
Rebels of the King: Puritans or Roundheads
Oliver Cromwell: Puritan leader
Defeats, with his New Model Army, Charles I
Establishes the Rump Parliament: abolished the monarchy and House of Lords
Commonwealth or republic was declared
Charles I is beheaded in 1649

11. Constitution Cromwell wanted a representative government
Constitution: document outlining basic laws and principles that govern a nation
Instrument of Government of 1653: first written constitution of any major European nation
Unrest was prevalent throughout England
Without support of army/taxes Cromwell would have lost power
Weak successor Richard I lost army’s support
Charles II: return of monarchy (restoration)