1. What is The Relationship?
The plants provide the Oxygen needed for the people, and the people provide the Carbon dioxide for the plants.

2. Today:
We are going to take notes over photosynthesis so please get out the notes I asked you to print.
Then, we will draw photosynthesis.

3. What do all of our cells need to keep living and to do any kind of work?
Energy!!!

4. Cell Energy
Energy for living things comes from food. Originally, the energy in food comes from the sun.

6. A. Starts with the Sun:
Organisms that use light energy from the sun to produce food—autotrophs (auto = self)
Ex: plants and some microorganisms (some bacteria and protists)

7. B. Eaters:
Organisms that CANNOT use the sun’s energy to make food—heterotrophs (hetero= different)
Ex: animals and most microorganisms

8. Cells usable source of energy is called ATP
II. Energy:
Cells usable source of energy is called ATP
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups

9. ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate
Adenine
Ribose
2 Phosphate groups

10. All energy is stored in the bonds of compounds—breaking the bond releases the energy
When the cell has energy available it can store this energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP, producing ATP

11. ATP is converted into ADP by breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups and releasing energy for cellular processes.

12. What is the usable energy that all cells use?
ATP

13. Adenosine Triphosphate
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate

14. III. Beginning to ecological food webs!

15. III. Beginning to ecological food webs!
Producers= they make energy for themselves and other cells.
AKA autotrophs (photo or chemo)
Plants, some bacteria, and algae can make their own food.
Make their own food source, so they don’t need to eat!
Producers get the supplies they need to make energy from the sun (or chemicals), soil and water.
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis

16. Today:
We are going to start off with taking some notes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Then, you will have a worksheet to work on.
I will hand out your homework at the end of class. You may not do it in class.

17. IV. Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis is the process by which the energy of sunlight is converted into the chemical energy of glucose
Photo = light
Synthesis = putting together
Photosynthesis = using light to make food.

18. What do you think chemosynthesis means?
Process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light like in photosynthesis.

19. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plants

20. Light absorbing compound is a pigment—pigments absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others—the color our eyes see is the color that the pigment reflects

21. Chlorophyll is the pigment inside the chloroplast that absorbs light for photosynthesis
As the chlorophyll in leaves decays in the autumn, the green color fades and is replaced by the oranges and reds of carotenoids.

22. General formula for photosynthesis:
carbon dioxide + water + light glucose + oxygen
6CO H2O + light C6H12O O2

23. Reactants Diagram H2O CO2 Light Chloroplast C6H12O6 Glucose O2
NADP+
ADP + P
Light
Dependent Reaction
Calvin Cycle
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
C6H12O6
Glucose O2
Products

24. Summary:
Light Dependent Reaction—H2O is broken down and light energy is stored temporarily in inorganic energy carriers, ATP and NADPH
Calvin Cycle—energy is transferred from ATP and NADPH to the organic compound glucose

25. -Leaves are green because they contain
Plants
-Leaves are green because they contain
the pigment:
chlorophyll
-Leaves have a large surface area to absorb as much light as possible
"Thanks for the Glucose!"

26. Chloroplasts make the oxygen too!

27. -Stoma: This opening how plants exchange gases. Check it
-Stoma: This opening how plants exchange gases! Check it! Can you name the two important gases that go in and out of the leaves?

28. Next:
Turn to page 104 in your textbook and you are going to draw figure 4.5 and label the steps of mitosis.
Add color to make it easier for you to read.

29. What organelle does Photosynthesis?
Chloroplast

30. What are organisms called if they make their own Glucose or food?
Producers

31. What does Synthesis always mean?
Putting together.

32. What is the ultimate goal of Photosynthesis? (what needs to be made)
Glucose

33. Adenosine triphosphate
Which molecule in plant cells first captures the radiant energy from sunlight?
Glucose
Carbon dioxide
Chlorophyll
Adenosine triphosphate
C. Chlorophyll

34. Temperature Dependent
The first stage of photosynthesis in a chloroplast is ________________.
Light Dependent
Temperature Dependent
Glucose Driven
ATP Driven
A. Light Dependent

35. Explain why plants release Oxygen into the atmosphere?
During photosynthesis the products in the equation are glucose and oxygen. The oxygen is released by the plants by way of the stoma.

36. V. Cellular Respiration: (2 kinds—Aerobic and Anaerobic)
Cellular respiration is the process by which the energy of glucose is released in the cell to be used for life processes (movement, breathing, blood circulation, etc…)

37. Today: We are going to finish the notes I handed out to you last time.
Then, you will have a worksheet to work on.
Then, I will go over your homework and you can get started on it if you have time.

38. Cells require a constant source of energy for life processes but keep only a small amount of ATP on hand. Cells can regenerate ATP as needed by using the energy stored in foods like glucose.
The energy stored in glucose by photosynthesis is released by cellular respiration and repackaged into the energy of ATP.

39. Side note>>>>
Consumers = organisms that must obtain food from other organisms.
AKA heterotrophs (= different nourish)
Consumers get the supplies they need to make energy from plants, other animals and water.
Organisms that gain nutrition indirectly from the sun.

42. Respiration occurs in ALL cells and can take place either with or without oxygen present.

43. 1. Aerobic Respiration: requires oxygen
Occurs in the mitochondria of the cell
Total of 36 ATP molecules produced
General formula for aerobic respiration:
C6H12O O CO H2O + 36 ATP
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy
Human cells contain a specialized structure – the mitochondrion – that generates energy.

44. Electron Transport Chain
Diagram
Electrons carried in NADH
Mitochondria
In Cytoplasm
Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Glucose
Glycolysis -2 +4 2 2 32
= 36

45. Summary:
3 steps:
1st glycolysis
2nd Krebs cycle
3rd Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

46. 2. Anaerobic Respiration: occurs when no oxygen is available to the cell (2 kinds: Alcoholic and Lactic Acid)
Also called fermentation
Much less ATP produced than in aerobic respiration

47. A) Alcoholic fermentation—occurs in bacteria and yeast
Process used in the baking and brewing industry—yeast produces CO2 gas during fermentation to make dough rise and give bread its holes.
glucose ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP

48. B) Lactic acid fermentation—occurs in muscle cells
Lactic acid is produced in the muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues—causes burning sensation in muscles
glucose lactic acid + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP

49. First step in anaerobic respiration is also glycolysis
Diagram
Anaerobic Respiration
Cytoplasm
Alcoholic fermentation
Bacteria, Yeast 2 ATP
C6H12O6
glucose
glycolysis
Lactic acid fermentation
Muscle cells ATP
ETC
Mitochondria
Krebs Cycle
Aerobic Respiration
36 ATP

50. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
Mitochondria

51. What type of cellular respiration requires the presence of oxygen?
Aerobic Cellular Respiration

52. Explain why your muscles are sore after a long workout?
Lactic Acid build up from anaerobic respiration. Not enough oxygen is supplied to muscle cells during work out so the cells go into anerobic respiration.

53. Which type of respiration produces the most atp?
Aerobic Respiration
How many atp are produced?
36 ATP

54. What is the ultimate goal of cellular respiration? (what is being made)
ATP

55. Next: We are going to do lab #1
First, read part 1 and answer all the questions on each page until you reach the data section then stop.

56. First:
Get out your labs from yesterday and finish them then turn them in.
Also, get out all of your handouts from Unit 1 and make sure they are finished, then turn them in.

57. Next: We will take one hour to take the Unit 1 test.
I will grade them today and if you don’t pass, you will need to do test corrections.
After the test, you can work either work on your Unit 2 Whiteboard, or the mitosis packet I will hand out to you when you hand in your test.