1. Galileo’s Discoveries

2. Four Moons of Jupiter
Using his telescope, he discovered four moons around Jupiter
He named them the Medician Planets, after his patrons
They are now known as Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto
It proved the Copernican model
If everything revolves around the earth, then there is no way that moons can revolve around Jupiter
Proved that Copernicus’ idea were not only possible, but in fact plausible
But this goes against what the Church has taught for a thousand years

3. Why do you think the church charged Galileo?
Galileo’s Trial
Why do you think the church charged Galileo?

4. Francis Bacon
Criticized those who relied on classical thinkers ideas based on abstract theories without evidence. Encouraged experimentation and scientific observation.

5. Rene’ Descartes
Encouraged scientists to reject old assumptions and teachings Mathematician who used math and logic to reason out the truth.

6. Descartes cont.
Descartes began with a system of thought called Skepticism – to be a skeptic, you have to challenge everything you know
Descartes decided to throw out anything that he could not prove to be true
He was left with his doubt that he knew anything at all, or that anything could be true

8. Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
Newton
Law of Gravity same force on earth and the universe
Incorporated theories of Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo to create a theory to explain the order and design of the entire universe
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

9. Scientific Instruments
Microscope
Barometer & Thermometers
-Fahrenheit and Celsius

10. Medicine and Chemistry
Medicine & Anatomy :
Humans are not Pigs,
circulation system
vaccinations, now a cure for smallpox
Chemistry
Boyle’s Law regarding gasses
Purification of oxygen

11. And Where is God?
Despite Newton’s insistence on math, early European scientists were usually very devout Christians
They were not trying to get rid of God, or to stop worshipping him they saw their work as a way of explaining God’s ultimate plan