1. The Road to Revolution, 1763–1776
Disagreements push Great Britain and the American colonies apart and eventually lead to the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

2. 6-1: Tighter British Control
Americans see British efforts to tax them and to increase control over the colonies as violations of their rights.

3. Preview Questions
How did Britain’s policy toward its American colonies change after the French and Indian War?
Why did the Proclamation of 1763 anger many colonists?
What did many colonists choose to do about the proclamation?
What was the Quartering Act?
Why did Parliament seek to impose greater taxes on the colonies?
Why did the colonists oppose the Sugar Act?
What was the Stamp Act?
How did the Stamp Act differ from previous taxes imposed on the colonies?
What objection did colonial leaders voice about the Stamp Act?
In what ways did the colonists challenge the Stamp Act?
Who were the Sons of Liberty?
What eventually became of the Stamp Act?

4. The Colonies and Britain Grow Apart
1. Britain governs 13 colonies, territory gained in war in the same way
2. Parliament imposes the Proclamation of 1763
3. Colonists cannot settle territory west of the Appalachian Mountains
4. Western territory remains in hands of Native American allies
5. Angers colonists, many ignore the law

5. British Troops and Taxes
1. King George III, the British monarch, wants to enforce the proclamation
2. Parliament passes Quartering Act (1765) that requires colonists to:
a. house British soldiers
b. provide British soldiers with supplies
3. Britain needs more revenue, income, wants colonies to pay part of war debt
4. Parliament passes Sugar Act (1764), which:
a. places tax on sugar, other products shipped to colonies
b. calls for strict enforcement of law
5. Angers colonial merchants who trade in smuggled goods
6. Colonies are not represented in Parliament, don’t have say in taxation
7. Colonial leaders claim Britain has no right to tax colonists

6. Britain Passes the Stamp Act
1. Parliament passes the Stamp Act (1765):
a. all commercial documents must carry an official stamp
b. stamp shows a tax has been paid
2. Applies to all colonists, not just merchants
3. Colonial leaders like Patrick Henry call for resistance to tax

7. The Colonies Protest the Stamp Act
1. Delegates from 9 colonies meet at Stamp Act Congress (1765)
2. Draw up petition to king that protests Stamp Act
3. Colonial merchants organize boycott (refusal to buy) of British goods
4. Secret societies like the Sons of Liberty protest British policies
5. Some protests are peaceful, others are violent

9. The Colonies Protest the Stamp Act
1. Parliament repeals Stamp Act, passes Declaratory Act
2. Gives Parliament supreme authority to govern the colonies
3. Continues tug of war between Parliament and colonies

10. Finish Notes Summarize notes at the bottom.
Left Side: Imagine you are a colonial leader who wants to get your fellow colonists to protest British policy. Design a poster or write a song of protest.

11. 6-2: Colonial Resistance Grows
Many Americans begin to organize to oppose British policies.

12. Preview Questions What were the Townshend Acts?
Why did the British think the acts would anger the colonists less than the Stamp Act did?
How did the British attempt to enforce the Townshend Acts?
Why did the writs of assistance anger the colonists?
What methods did the colonists use to protest the Townshend Acts?
Why did colonists in Boston resent the presence of so many British soldiers?
How did the Boston Massacre begin? What was the outcome?
Why was the massacre an important event in the cause for independence?
For what reason did the British repeal the Townshend Acts?
Why did the Tea Act upset the colonists?
What was the Boston Tea Party?

13. The Townshend Acts Are Passed
1. To raise revenue, Parliament passes Townshend Acts (1767)
2. Suspends New York’s assembly until New Yorkers house troops
3. Places duties, or import taxes, on various goods
4. British use writs of assistance, or search warrants, to enforce acts

14. The Reasons for Protest
1. Protests break out against the Townshend Acts
2. New Yorkers angry about the suspension of their elected assembly
3. Many colonists angry about taxation without representation
4. Argue that writs of assistance violate their natural rights

15. Tools of Protest
1. Colonists in Boston announce another boycott of British goods (1767)
2. Leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty, Samuel Adams, organizes boycott
3. This boycott spreads throughout the colonies
4. Daughters of Liberty ask colonists to use American products
5. Custom officials try to seize American ship, protestors cause a riot

16. The Boston Massacre
1. 1,000 British soldiers arrive in Boston, tension grows
2. On March 5, 1770, a fight starts between colonists and soldiers
3. Soldiers fire on colonists, kill five, incident called Boston Massacre
4. One of colonists killed, was African American Crispus Attucks
5. Soldiers are charged with murder, lawyer John Adams defends the soldiers
6. Soldiers set free, Boston Massacre becomes symbol of British tyranny

17. The Tea Act
1. Parliament repeals the Townshend Acts, except the tax on tea
2. Samuel Adams forms committees of correspondence
3. Groups exchange letters on colonial affairs, form throughout colonies
4. Parliament passes the Tea Act (1773) which:
a. gives Britain control over American tea trade
b. places tax on colonists for regulated tea
5. Angers colonial shippers and merchants

18. The Boston Tea Party
1. Protests against the Tea Act take place throughout the colonies
2. The Sons of Liberty organize a protest known as the Boston Tea Party
3. Dec. 16, 1773, men disguised as Native Americans board 3 tea ships
4. Destroy 342 chests of tea, many colonists rejoice at the news
5. Britain wants repayment and men responsible brought to trial

19. Finish Notes Summarize notes at the bottom
Left Side: Which event from this section of the chapter do you think was the most important? Why?

20. 6-3: The Road to Lexington and Concord
The tensions between Britain and the colonies lead to armed conflict in Massachusetts.

21. Preview Questions What were the Intolerable Acts?
What effect did the Intolerable Acts have on the colonies?
How did the colonies come to the aid of Massachusetts?
What happened at the First Continental Congress?
How did the colonists protest the Intolerable Acts? How successful were they?
What did most colonial leaders think about the prospect of war with Britain?
What was the role of spies in the pre-revolutionary period?
Why did Britain’s General Gage send troops to Lexington and Concord?
What was the mission of the midnight riders?
What happened at the battles of Lexington and Concord?
Who were the Loyalists?
Who were the Patriots?

22. The Intolerable Acts 1. Britain angry about Boston Tea Party
2. Parliament passes the Intolerable Acts (1774):
a. close port of Boston until colonists pay for destroyed tea
b. ban committees of correspondence
c. allow Britain to house troops wherever necessary
d. allow British officials accused of crimes to stand trial in Britain

24. The First Continental Congress Meets
1. Colonial delegates meet at the First Continental Congress (1774)
2. Vote to ban trade with Britain until the Intolerable Acts are repealed
3. Call on each colony to begin training troops
4. By upholding colonial rights, delegates plant seeds of independence

25. Between War and Peace
1. Colonists hope boycott will force Britain to repeal Intolerable Acts
2. Britain refuses to repeal the acts, sends more troops
3. Some colonists prepare to fight, colonial troops continue to train

26. The Midnight Ride
1. Colonial spy network keeps watch over British activities
2. British troops sent to arrest Sam Adams, John Hancock in Lexington
3. British plan to destroy a militia supply of ammunition in Concord
4. Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott spread news, troop movement

27. Lexington and Concord
1. April 19, 1775, British troops reach Lexington, fight militiamen
2. One-third of militia, Minutemen, trained to act at a minutes notice
3. Troops fight militiamen at Concord, forced to retreat
4. Lexington and Concord are the first battles of the Revolutionary War
5. Loyalists are those who support the British
6. Patriots are those who support the rebels

28. Finish Notes
Summarize this section.
Left Side: None

29. 6-4: Declaring Independence
Fighting between American and British troops leads the colonies to declare their independence.

30. Preview Questions
For what reasons did General Gage move his troops to Boston after the battles at Lexington and Concord?
What did the Second Continental Congress accomplish?
Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill considered an important one for the colonists?
What was the purpose and outcome of the Olive Branch Petition?
What was the purpose and outcome of the colonial attack on Quebec? on Boston?
Why did so many Loyalists flee Boston with the British?
What points does Thomas Paine make in Common Sense?
What impact did Paine’s pamphlet have on the colonies?
Why did colonial leaders choose Thomas Jefferson to write the Declaration of Independence?
What is the core idea of the Declaration of Independence?
Which parts of the population does the Declaration neglect?

31. The Continental Army Is Formed
1. Americans, led by Ethan Allen, capture Britain’s Fort Ticonderoga
2. Fort’s artillery - cannon and large guns, used later to fight British
3. On May 10, 1775, the Second Continental Congress meets

32. The Continental Army Is Formed
1. Meeting takes place in Philadelphia, delegates include:
John Adams
Benjamin Franklin
George Washington
Patrick Henry
2. Delegates form Continental Army, appoint Washington as commander

33. The Battle of Bunker Hill
1. In June 1775, militiamen seize Bunker Hill and Breed’s Hill
2. British troops attack Breed’s Hill
3. Eventually, British force militiamen off hill
4. British suffer over 1,000 casualties, but win Battle of Bunker Hill
5. Americans however, gain moral victory

34. A Last Attempt at Peace
1. In July 1775, Americans send Olive Branch Petition to Britain’s king
2. Petition asks king to restore harmony between Britain and colonies
3. King rejects petition, blocks American ships from leaving their ports
4. Sends Hessians, hired German soldiers, to fight in America
5. Washington trains colonial army, approves plan to invade Quebec
6. Leader Benedict Arnold, colonial army fail to defeat British in Quebec

35. The British Retreat from Boston
1. Continental Army surrounds British forces in Boston
2. Americans haul artillery from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston
3. Americans threaten to bombard Boston, British troops withdraw

36. Common Sense Is Published
1. Thomas Paine writes Common Sense
2. Ridicules the idea that kings rule by the will of God
3. Argues that all monarchies are corrupt
4. Disagrees with the economic arguments for remaining with Britain
5. Common Sense is a huge success, strengthens the call for independence

38. A Time of Decision
1. In May 1776, Continental Congress adopts resolution
2. Authorizes each of the 13 colonies to establish its own government
3. In June 1776, Richard Henry Lee introduces a resolution
4. Calls for colonies to break with Britain
5. Committee chooses Thomas Jefferson to write Declaration of Independence
6. Congress passes Lee’s resolution, colonies view themselves as independent

39. The Declaration Is Adopted
1. July 4, 1776, Continental Congress adopts Declaration of Independence
2. Proclaims the independence of the colonies
3. Claims that people have rights that government cannot take away
4. If government disregards these rights, it loses its right to govern
5. People can abolish a government that disregards their rights
6. People can form a new government that will protect their rights

40. Finish Notes Summarize Notes
What is the strongest reason for independence? Against independence?