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Age of Exchange and Encounter (Part 2)

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Presentation on theme: "Age of Exchange and Encounter (Part 2)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Age of Exchange and Encounter (Part 2)

2 European Middle Ages Middle Ages- era of European history after the fall of the Roman Empire New culture emerges with roots in: Classical heritage of Rome Beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church Customs of various Germanic tribes

3 Economic System: Manors Code of Behavior: Chivalry
Lord’s estate Set of rights and obligations between serfs and lords Self-sufficient community producing a variety of goods Code of Behavior: Chivalry Displays of courage and valor in combat Respect toward women Devotion to feudal lord and heavenly lord Belief System: The Church Power over people’s everyday lives Unifying force of Christian faith Involvement in political affairs Political System: Feudalism Form of government based on landholding Alliances between lords and vassals Oaths of loyalty in exchange for land and military service Ranking of power and authority Medieval Society

4 Charlemagne Built an empire greater than any known since ancient Rome Defeated Muslims in Spain Spread Christianity Crowned emperor by the Pope

5 Holy Roman Empire Founded by Otto the Great
Remained the strongest state in Europe until 1100

6 Europe in the Middle Ages
Economics: Better farming methods increased food production Trade expanded Guilds formed for both merchants and artisans Politics/Government: England and France developed strong central governments Parliament and the Estates-General bring representation to commoners Parliament- Legislative group in England Magna Carta- Guarantees basic political rights Estates-General- Meeting of the three estates in France, helped increase royal power against nobility The Hundred Years’ War further weakened feudal power

7 Europe in the Middle Ages
Religion: Kings and popes engaged in power struggles The Great Schism weakened the Church Split in the Catholic Church- 2 Popes The First Crusade captured Jerusalem Later Crusades accomplished little Society: Population increases in the Middle Ages The bubonic plague killed millions and weakened the manorial economy Europe’s first universities developed

8 Societies and Empires in Africa
Society/Empire Organization and Time Period Important Facts Ghana West African empire from 700s- 1076 Grew wealthy and powerful by controlling gold-salt trade Mali West African empire from s Mansa Musa’s hajj (pilgrimage) made Mali’s wealth famous Songhai West African empire from 1400s- 1500s Conquered Mali and gained control of trade routes

9 Major Trade Networks Route Trading Partners Trade Goods
Method of Transportation Trans-Arabia Sassanid Empire Arabia Byzantine Empire East Asia: silk, gems, dyes, cotton cloth Arabia: Incense, spices Southwest Asia: Wool, gold, silver Camel Caravans Silk Roads China India Persia and Central Asia Europe Asia: Silk, porcelain, spices, precious woods, gems Europe: Wool cloth, gold, silver Caravans of camels and other pack animals

10 Major Trade Networks Route Trading Partners Trade Goods
Method of Transportation Mediterranean Europe North Africa Southwest Asia Europe: Wool and linen cloth, wine, metal North Africa: Wool Asia: spices, fruit, cloth Sea: Galleys with numerous rowers Land: Caravans of pack animals Trans-Sahara West Africa North Africa: Cloth, salt, horses, guns West Africa: Gold, dyed cloth, leather goods, slaves Camel caravans

11 Major Trade Networks Route Trading Partners Trade Goods
Method of Transportation Indian Ocean China India Arabia East Africa Asia: Porcelain, silk, jewelry, cotton East Africa: Ivory, gold, tortoiseshell, leopard skins, slaves Arab dhows Cinese junks

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