1. Chir pine based Gasification Technology
Sumit Karki
Ananta Gasifire Energy Pvt. Ltd.

2. Introduction Background
In 2010 , a team of 3 people were funded by NORAD (Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation) through ‘Renewable Nepal’
Total grant : 7 million Nrs.
Duration : 3 years ( )
Title : “Developed a low cost indigenous gasifier appropriate for small sized engines (5 -15 kW) used for agricultural machinery and electric generation”
Work Station : Kathmandu University

3. Ananta Gasifier – spin off company resulted from the research work
Dr. Bivek Baral ,Executive Director
Sumit Karki

4. History of Gasification
Gasification method has been used for more than 180 years
Initially developed to for lighting and cooking in 1800s
Was later replaced by electricity and natural gas
In 1945 , it was estimated that around 9,000,000 vehicles were running on producer gas

5. Gasification Biomass Combustion Burning organic material
Wood is most commonly used feedstock
Small Scale : Stove and Fireplaces
Large Scale : Biomass fed boilers to meet hot water needs, heating buildings

6. Biomass Gasification
Conversion of organic material into CO, CO2 and H2
By supplying less oxygen than required for combustion
Resulting gas mixture is known as Syn Gas or Producer gas and is itself a fuel

7. Applications

8. Chir Pine Gasification
Chir pine needle is used as the fuel
‘Filter train’

9. Fig: Gasifier System at Madhubangoth, Sarlahi

10. Fig: 9 kW Gasifier System at AVANI Bio-energy , India

11. 1 kW per 1 hour requires 2 kg of pine needles
Example : 11 kW gasification system
11 kW per 1 hour : 22 kg
11 kW per 6 hours : 132 kg
For 365 days operation : kg
Collection Time : 2 month in a year

12. Success Stories Ashden Awards 2011
(The Ashden Awards uncover and reward the most exciting sustainable energy pioneers in the UK and developing world, who are leading the way to a thriving low-carbon future)
Winner : Husk power systems for its success in providing electricity to villages using gasifier rice husk as fuel
Husk Power’s 65 plants gasify rice husks and other biomass waste to supply electricity to around 180,000 people. (

13. Chir pine Case
In 1999 , fire burnt forest wealth more than Irs. 600 Crore in Garhwal and Kumaon regions
sq.km forest area burnt while 1225 sq.km affected severely
AVANI Bio-energy pioneered in utilizing pine needles for productive use
A study has estimated a total production of about MW of electricity from biomass in the state
(Empowering Rural India the RE way, Inspiring Success Stories, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, 2012 )

14. Besides electricity , it produces 10% residue which is high quality charcoal
Can be used for cooking in village households
70% reduction in fuel gathering time (claimed)
Environmental advantages of removing pine needles from the forest

15. Feasibility study and potential site identification
Identification of potential sites of Mid-western region of Nepal
Possibility for Chir pine needle based gasifier system
First study initiated in Chir pine needles based gasification

16. Visit to AVANI

17. Free land availability/land donation by community
Collection
Per hectare : 5-10 tonnes (depending upon the forest)
One person : upto kg in a day
Irs 1 / kg for collection
Free land availability/land donation by community
Certain charge/ton taken by forest department

18. Following sites indentified through the study
Dhovan Besi Bazar , Jajarkot
ChandeKarenji-6, Salyan
Singhasain-6,Dailekh
Singhasain-5,Dailekh
Bhur-2, Jajarkot

19. Organizations involved/consulted
District Development Committee
District Forest Office
Helvetas (Jajarkot)
Fecofun (Jajarkot)
SUDEC (Dailekh)
Everest Club (Dailekh)
SOSEC (Dailekh
PASS/Nepal (Salyan)
ASTHA/Nepal and BASE (Regional Centers of AEPC)
BEC (AEPC)

20. Marka , Jajarkot

21. Total households targeted : 76
Market center for 3 VDCs (Sima, Karkigaun and Jungathapa Chaur)
Good site for demonstration
More than 50% of HHs involved in business
Awareness in RETs: Presence of IWM,Biogas , Solar Home Systems and around 2 kW Solar PV at a school

22. Total hours : 10 (5 hours for domestic use and 5 for end use )
Source of biomass :
Chahare Khola community forest
Area : 378 Ha
Total Biomass required : 161 ton / year
Recommend Size : 22 kW
Per HH : w
Total hours : 10 (5 hours for domestic use and 5 for end use )

23. Space Required : Power house location : Case of 22 kW
6 m X 8 m shed area for power house
4 m X 10 m area for power house
In case of Chir pine , more storage area needed
Power house location :
Geographically , Marka is suitable to use gravitational method for biomass transportation

24. Environmental Aspects
Water
If Wet cleaning system used
Simple treatment may be required
Can opt for Dry cleaning system
Air and Noise
System does not release gas to atmosphere
Combustion in equipments , cleaner than liquid fuels
Noise levels also lower than with liquid fuels

25. CO emission from engine – result of unburned fuel
Global Warming potential (GWP)
CO : on 20 years and 1.2 on 100 years time
CH4 : 56 on 20 years time and 23 on 100 years
Emission of CH4 –
Producer gas engines : mg/m3 O2
Other natural gas engines : mg/m3 O2
Reduction in CH4 emissions of 30 times
(“CO emissions from gas engines operating on Biomass Producer Gas , Technical University of Denmark,2016)

27. Sound Level

28. Thank you for your kind Attention