1. Progress in the Commercialization of Hydrogen Storage Vessels
Stationary/Portable
Transport
Vehicle Fuel Tanks
Product Lines –
Aerospace
SCBA
Alternative fuel vehicles – NGV & Hydrogen
How Long in Industries
Nearly 50 years inAerospace
More than 30 years in SCBA
Nearly 30 Years in AFV – Receiving our first DOT approval for natural gas fuel tanks in 1976

2. Some Critical Factors Affecting Hydrogen Storage Costs
Vessel Pressure
Vessel Aspect Ratio and Size Limitations
Material Costs
Production Quantities
Design Approval and Certification Process
Approval and Certification Requirements
Some of recent financials
Part of a large stable organization

3. Recent Hydrogen Transport Vessel Costs
Some of recent financials
Part of a large stable organization
PPI Adjusted to 2007 Pricing Levels

4. Service Pressure and Storage Cost
Stresses / material requirements become more severe as pressure increases
Raw material quality can become critical and potentially lead to non-standard
material purchases
Storage energy increases with pressure
Some of recent financials
Part of a large stable organization

5. Aspect Ratio and Space Limitations Can Significantly Affect Storage Costs
Smaller Diameter and Longer Tanks Are Generally Less Expensive
AeroJet was a government owned company that made Aerospace and weapon system components
SCI is the result of spinning off the composites group from Aerojet

6. Materials and Vessel Costs
Why Carbon?
Greater Tensile Strength
Less elongation
Reduced thickness of the composite
40% less weight compared to fiberglass composite
Supply and Manufacturing Capacity of Many Carbon Fiber Grades Is Improving

7. Regulatory Requirements
Stationary
A. State Law and Local Codes / ASME
Transport
A. US DOT and ISO
Motor Vehicle Fuel Tanks
A. Japan/ KHK Approval
B. Various Draft Standards EIHP, ISO15869
Some of recent financials
Part of a large stable organization

8. Approval Processing Time And Expense Can Impede the Introduction of New and More Efficient Designs
Old Designs Tend To Be Kept Active In Jurisdictions Where Approval Processing
Times Are Long
When approval processing time is lengthy, it may be impractical to
interchange equivalent materials during times of shortages or price fluctuations
AeroJet was a government owned company that made Aerospace and weapon system components
SCI is the result of spinning off the composites group from Aerojet

9. Approval and Certification Requirements Affect Cost, However…
Greater storage energies occur at higher pressures
Impact and Heat Tolerance are more critical when the storage energy is higher
AeroJet was a government owned company that made Aerospace and weapon system components
SCI is the result of spinning off the composites group from Aerojet