1. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Concept 18
The Use and Abuse of Tobacco
Tobacco use is the number one cause of preventable disease and is associated with the leading causes of death in our culture.
© 2013 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
McGraw-Hill
Concept 18 2

2. Presentation Overview
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Presentation Overview
Tobacco and Nicotine
Health and Economic Costs
Facts about Tobacco Usage
Techniques for Quitting
Discussion Activity
18-2
Concept 18

3. Chemistry of Cigarette Smoke
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Chemistry of Cigarette Smoke
Gaseous Phase (CO)
- Carbon monoxide released
- Shortness of breath
- Neonatal problems
Particulate Phase
- Nicotine (psychoactive drug increases CHD risks)
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
- Tar (increases cancer risks)
Tobacco and its smoke contain over 400 noxious chemicals, including 200 known poisons and 50 carcinogens.
18-3
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4. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Nicotine
Addictive component of tobacco
More addictive than heroin and alcohol
When inhaled, reaches brain in 7 seconds
Withdrawal effect
Physical dependence
18-4
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
Concept 18

5. Smokeless Chewing Tobacco
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
Smokeless Chewing Tobacco
McGraw Hill -
Variety of forms
Loose leaf
Twist
Plug
Dip, chew, or chaw stays in the mouth for several hours
Contains 7x more nicotine than cigarettes
18-5
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6. Health Effects of Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Health Effects of Smoking
Most preventable cause of death in our society
18-6
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
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7. Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking
Tobacco use affects all organs of the body, reducing the health of smokers
Quitting smoking has immediate and long-term benefits
Smoking cigarettes low in tar and nicotine provides no clear benefit to health
# of diseases resulting from tobacco is much more extensive than previously thought
18-7
Concept 18

8. Health Effects of Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Health Effects of Smoking
Increased risk of:
Cancer
Coronary heart disease
Atherosclerosis
Blood pressure
Stroke
Ulcers
Emphysema
Bronchitis
Adds 9 years for those who quit at age 40
+ 6 years (age 50)
+ 3 years (age 60)
18-8
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9. Health Risks from Tobacco
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Health Risks from Tobacco
The more you use the product (more doses), the greater the health risk
Several factors determine the dosage
# of cigarettes smoked
Length of time one has been smoking
Strength (amount of tar, nicotine, etc.)
Depth of inhalation
Amount of exposure to other lung-damaging substances (e.g., asbestos)
18-9
Concept 18

10. Do you know what a “chipper” is?
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Do you know what a “chipper” is?
social smoker
18-10
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
Concept 18

11. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Cigar & Pipe Smokers
Lower death rates, but still great risk
Contains same harmful ingredients as cigarette smoke, sometimes in higher amounts
Nicotine dependence
Higher risks for cancer of the mouth, throat, and larynx
18-11
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
Concept 18

12. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Second-Hand Smoke
Mainstream smoke
Smoke that is inhaled and exhaled
Sidestream smoke
Unfiltered smoke from burning tip of cigarette
Contains nicotine and x carcinogens as mainstream smoke
18-12
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13. Dangers of Second-Hand Smoke
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
Dangers of Second-Hand Smoke
McGraw Hill -
Increased risk of:
Early death
Heart disease
Lung cancer
Emphysema
Depression
Women/children are especially susceptible to negative effects
“Thirdhand” smoke
18-13
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14. Trends in Adult Smoking Rates
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Trends in Adult Smoking Rates
There have been drastic reductions in smoking since the 1950s but a sizable percent still smoke.
18-14
Concept 18

15. Global Public Health Threat
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Global Public Health Threat
Higher smoking prevalence in Europe and China
18-15
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
Concept 18

16. Why Young People Start Using Tobacco
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Why Young People Start Using Tobacco
Peer influence
Social acceptance
Desire to be “mature”
Desire to be “independent”
Desire to be like their role models
Appealing advertisements (media)
18-16
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17. Factors Contributing to the Declines in Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Factors Contributing to the Declines in Smoking
Public policy
Media campaigns
Changing social norms
18-17
Concept 18

18. Facts about Quitting Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Facts about Quitting Smoking
30% of smokers try to quit each year
10% of the people who try to quit smoking are successful
Increasing the price of cigarettes is the most successful method of reducing smoking in youth
Some women begin smoking to control their weight – unable to quit due to fear of weight gain
Addictive nature of nicotine makes it difficult to quit using tobacco
18-18
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19. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Smoking is associated with increased risk for the use of both alcohol and illicit drugs.
18-19
Photo: Creative Commons Flickr
Concept 18

20. Techniques to Quit Smoking
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Techniques to Quit Smoking
Lab 18a information
Stopping "cold turkey"
Gradually decreasing number
Using low nicotine cigarettes/nicotine gum
Counseling / hypnosis
Develop effective stress-management techniques
Remove reminders and temptations
Use substitutes and distractions
18-20
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21. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Summary
Tobacco is the #1 cause of preventable mortality
Nicotine is the addictive component
Second-hand smoke poses a significant health risk
Public policy to reduce smoking
Various techniques to quit smoking
End of presentation
18-21
Concept 18

22. Supplemental Information
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
McGraw Hill -
Supplemental Information
Lab Information
Discussion Activity
18-22
Concept 18
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23. Lab 18a Information Use and Abuse of Tobacco
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Lab 18a Information Use and Abuse of Tobacco
Return to presentation
Complete the tobacco use/exposure questionnaire (note: includes second-hand smoke)
Discuss your personal risk rating
Discuss how you feel about public laws designed to curtail tobacco use
18-23
Concept 18

24. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
Return to presentation
McGraw Hill -
Discussion Activity
Why do people smoke even though they know it is not good for their health?
18-24
Concept 18