1. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

2. Demographic Transition
…is a process with several stages. It charts the stages at which a nation moves from a rural, agricultural society with high birth rates and death rates to an urban, industrial society in which death rates decline first and birth rates decline later.

3. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

4. Demographic Transition
The four stages
of the
Demographic Transition
Stage 1—Low Growth
Stage 2—High Growth
Stage 3—Moderate Growth
Stage 4—Low Growth

5. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

6. STAGE 1 Low Growth Hunting and Gathering Societies
No Countries in Stage 1 Now
Fluctuations in CBR and CDR (when CBR high, CDR low…etc.)
First Agricultural Revolution happened during Stage 1

7. STAGE 2
High Growth
Agricultural Societies—usually subsistence farmers trying to feed families, children are valued as an asset, infant mortality is high, not uncommon for families to have 10 or more children! Children often seen as a source of security.
Birth rates are high and death rates decline sharply as a result of food stabilization and medical advances
Industrial Revolution propelled places out of Stage 1

8. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

9. Many African countries are still in Stage 2
In a stage 2 country both CBR and CDR are higher than world averages(21 & 9)
The S-Curve of Demographic Transition Model develops at this stage

10. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

11. Industrial Revolution
Cizj5c
Industrial Revolution Crash Course Video

12. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

13. STAGE 3 Decreasing Growth Industrial Societies
Birth Rate rapidly decline, death rates continue to decline and natural increase rates begin to moderate.
Reliance on children decreases and they become more of a liability than an asset
Development of the economy leads more people to be involved in manufacturing jobs in urban areas
Most countries in Europe and North America.

14. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL

15. Low Growth
Very low birth and death rates produce virtually no long term natural increase and possibly decrease.
Service-based society (tertiary)
CBR and CDR are almost equal and NIR approaches zero. (when they become equal, zero population growth)
Many European countries are in Stage 4 Denmark
STAGE 4

16. THE DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION MODEL