1. The Factors
that Affect
Climate

2. Climate
Climate- average year to year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area. Scientists use temperature and precipitation to describe the climate of a region. Microclimate- small area within an area that conditions differ from those around.

3. Continental Climates
Have extreme temperatures (winters are cold and summers are warm or hot)

4. Marine Climates
Much of North America’s west coast has a marine climate (mild winters and cool summers)

5. that effect temperature
Identify four factors
that effect temperature
Latitude (location near equator)
Altitude (elevation)
3. Distance from large bodies of water
4. Ocean currents

6. As latitude ________, the average annual temperature _________.
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude ________, the average
annual temperature _________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
0° Latitude °

7. Latitude

8. Closeness to Large Bodies of Water

9. Water __________ the temperature. _______ summers. _______ winters.
How does closeness to a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature.
_______ summers. _______ winters.
moderates
Cooler
Warmer
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).

10. Ocean Effect

11. Mountain Ranges affect on Precipitation
Windward side- rising and cools and water vapor condenses, forming clouds. Rain or snow falls on this side of the mountain. Leeward- when air moves over the mountains it has lost its water vapor, so its cool and dry (little or no precipitation on this side)

12. Windward Side: ___________ Leeward Side: _____________
What Effect does the
Oceans have on An
areas climate?
Most precipitation falls on
the windward side
Windward Side: ___________
Leeward Side: _____________
cool, moist
warm, dry

13. The leeward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive much less precipitation
The windward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive a great deal more precipitation

14. As elevation _________, the average annual temperature __________.
How does elevation/ALTITUDE
affect climate?
As elevation _________, the average
annual temperature __________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
Elevation

15. Elevation

16. Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate

17. Ocean Currents

18. Ocean Currents
The Gulf Stream- begins in the Gulf of Mexico and flows up the east coast of the US. This affects our climate.

19. Types of zone
Tropical zone- near the equator receives direct sunlight and is warm Polar zone- sun light strikes at a lower angle near the poles and is cold Temperate zone-lies between the tropical and polar zones (gets direct sun in summer and is warm or hot. Receives lower angle rays during the winter and can be cool or cold)

20. Tropical zone-
Tropics have two types of rainy climates: tropical wet and tropical wet and dry

21. Savannas
Scattered clumps of trees that can survive the dry season dot the coarse grasses.

22. Seasonal Winds
Monsoons- winds that cover a large region that change directions with the seasons that causes excessive amounts of rain. (Asia)

23. Human Impact on Climate Change
Greenhouse Effect Global Warming