1. Culture- South Wealthy planters Social Events
Top of society
Control political and economic life in South
Social Events
Planters would get together at the plantations
Hunting, dancing, horseracing
Few schools/churches, private tutors hired

2. Transportation- South
South could more easily transport products due to steamboats and railroads.
South only had 10,00 miles of railroad.

3. Economy- South Based on agriculture
The cotton gin increase cotton production from 10,000 in 1793 to over 1 mil in 1860.
Relied on slaves to clear land for farming.
Cotton made up 2/3 of US exports.
Southerners had to import most goods so wanted low taxes on imports.

4. Cities- South Cities developed slower b/c of agricultural society.
Few large cities were trading centers
Smaller towns along rivers and the coast
Plantations became self-sufficient due to distance.

5. Climate and Geography- South
Warm, long summers w/ rain. Mild winters allowed long growing season w/ different types of crops.
Coastal plain provided fertile lands.

6. Population- South
million people (English/Scotch-Irish and African descent)
1/3 were slaves (4 million)
Most farmers lived in backcountry on small or medium sized farms.
¼ of Southerners owned slaves, the rest were laborers, tenant farmers (rented land) or independent farmers.

7. Culture- North Communities had org. religion and education
City culture based on trade, manufacturing, and transportation
Many middles class citizens were merchants, business owners, manufacturers, wage earners

8. Economy- North
Many industries- textiles, lumber, furs, shipping, mining
Subsistence farming
Could manufactured goods in large quantities and sell to foreign markets
Wanted high taxes on imports due to foreign competition.

9. Transportation- North
By 1860, over 88,000 miles of road
Canals were built to connect east coast with rivers in the west, and to connect major cities for trade.
By ,000 miles of RR track

10. Cities- North
In 1800, 5% of northerners lived in cities. By 1850, almost 15% did.
Centers of trade between US and Europe. Also centers for manufacturing.
Cities were crowded and dirty with sanitation and police services beginning around 1830.

11. Climate and Geography- North
Rocky, hilly, infertile land.
Cold, snowy winters.
Ships could easily sail from coast into the rivers.
Forests provided a source of lumber for shipping.

12. Population- North
Between 1800 and 1860 the pop. Rose from 5 mil to 19 mil.
Experienced a lot of European immigration from Ireland, Germany, and northern Europe.