1. 9/18 Objectives
SWBAT classify governments according to three sets of characteristics; who can participate, how power is distributed geographically, and how power is distributed between the executive and legislative branch.

2. 3 WAYS TO CLASSIFY GOVERNMENTS 1. Who can participate.
2. Geographic distribution of power.
3. Relationship between the legislative and executive branches.
06/08/10

3. Identify the term being defined
In this form of government responsibility for the exercise of governmental powers rest with a majority of the people. Supreme authority rests with the people.
Democracy

4. 06/08/10
WHO CAN PARTICIPATE
DEMOCRACY -> PEOPLE HAVE THE POWER, GOVERNMENTS EXIST WITH THE CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED.
Government responsible for the “will” of the people.
2 Forms
Direct & Indirect

5. Direct Democracy
“Pure” – The will of the people is translated into public policy.
Local Government, Small town meetings

6. Question
You will not see town meetings held in a city like New York. Why are town meetings (direct democracy) impractical in large cities?

7. Indirect Democracy Representative (Republics)
Held accountable through periodic elections
A government by popular consent – with the consent of the governed
No matter what form of democracy, the people are sovereign

8. Identify the term being defined
In this form of government ultimate responsibility for the exercise of governmental powers may be held by a single person or by a small group. In this form, those who rule cannot be held responsible for the will of the people
Dictatorship

9. WHO CAN PARTICIPATE
DICTATORSHIP-> OLDEST AND MOST COMMON, GOVERNMENT DOES NOT ANSWER TO THE PEOPLE.
2 Forms
Autocracy & Oligarchy

10. Autocracy A single person holds unlimited power.
What form of government is an example?
Monarchy

11. Oligarchy
Power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite class
All dictatorships are authoritarian – those in power hold absolute and unchallengeable authority over the people
But may not control all aspects of citizens lives

12. Most modern dictatorships are totalitarian.
They exercise complete power over nearly every aspect of human affairs. Their power embraces all matters of human concern.
Examples?
Saadam Hussein’s Iraq
Kim Jong Il’s North Korea
Mussolini’s Italy
Hitler’s Germany
Stalin’s USSR
People’s Republic of China (1949 to 1991)

14. Classify each of the following governments based on who can participate
This government has a President, who used to be a general in the army. He has appointed himself president after the collapse of a previous regime. He has a few close advisors whom he rely’s heavily on when making important decisions and carrying out law.
Dictatorship (Oligarchy)

15. Saudi Arabia

16. In this government meetings are regularly held by the mayor in which citizens are welcome to come and voice their opinions on important issues. Once everyone is satisfied that they have been heard a vote is taken in which all votes collected will be counted and the majority will determine the outcome of how that issue will be handled.
Democracy (Direct)

17. Switzerland

18. In this government only male citizens age 21 and older are eligible to vote in elections. Every 2 years elections are held in which a majority vote will elect officials who will make decisions on public policy, etc.
Democracy (Indirect)
Representative

19. Australia

20. In this form of government the Prime Minister is the leader of the political party in power. He is given authority to make whatever decisions he feels are necessary for his nation and is backed by his political party. Most citizens trust and love him because he provides jobs, housing, health care, and most other basic needs for them. He will remain in power as long as he is alive or as long as his party remains in power.
Dictatorship (autocracy)
Totalitarian

21. North Korea

22. INSTRUCTIONAL GOALS
WILL IDENTIFY 3 CRITERIA USED TO CLASSIFY GOVERNMENTS AND WILL BE ABLE TO CLASSIFY GOVERNMETNS BASED ON THOSE 3 CRITERIA.

23. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
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GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
UNITARYA CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT
FEDERALA CENTRAL AND SEVERAL LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
CONFEDERATIONA LOOSE UNION OF STATES

24. Unitary
All powers held by government belong to a single, central agency.
Local units are created for its own convenience.
Local units only have powers given to them by the central government.
Example?
England

25. Federal
Power of government is divided between a central government and several local governments
Division of Powers
Examples?
United States, Australia, Canada, Mexico

26. Confederation An alliance of independent states.
A central organization, the confederate government, only handles matters the member states assign to it.
Example?
USA under the Articles of Confederation

27. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE BRANCHES
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE BRANCHES
PRESIDENTIAL – AT LEAST 2 SEPARATE BRANCHES, WITH THE EXECUTIVE CHOSEN BY THE PEOPLE
Voters elect the legislature and the chief executive who s part of the executive branch.
The legislature and executive are independent and equal
The branches regularly have several powers with which each can block actions by the other branch. AKA Checks and Balances
Example?
USA

28. PARLIAMENTARY-THE EXECUTIVE AND HIS CABINET ARE CHOSEN FROM THE LEGISLATURE.
Voters elect their legislature.
The chief executive is drawn from the legislatures.
They stay in power only as long as they have the majority of support from parliament.
Example?
England

29. WHICH CLASSIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT WOULD YOU LEAST LIKE TO LIVE UNDER
WHICH CLASSIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT WOULD YOU LEAST LIKE TO LIVE UNDER? WHY?
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEG/EX BRANCH
PRESIDENTIAL, PARLIMENTARY
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
UNITARY, FEDERAL, CONFEDERATE
WHO CAN PARTICIPATE
DEMOCRACY, DICTATORSHIP

30. CLASSIFY USING ALL 3 CRITERIA
THE STUDENT GOVERNMENT HAS A PRESIDENT CHOSEN BY THE STUDENT COUNCIL. THE MEMBERS OF THE STUDENT COUNCIL ARE ELECTED BY ALL THE STUDENTS. EACH GRADE HAS IT’S OWN ELECTED OFFICERS, AND EACH CLASS’ OFFICERS HAVE THEIR OWN OFFICE WHERE THE MEET. EACH OF THESE CLASS OFFICES ARE IN A DIFFERENT PART OF THE BUILDING.
Democracy (indirect), Federal, Parliamentary

31. CLASSIFY USING ALL 3 CRITERIA
THE SCHOOL BOARD MEETS ALWAYS TOGETHER IN THE SAME LOCATION AND HOLD THE POWER TO MAKE ALL DECISIONS FOR THE DISTRICT. THE BOARD PRESIDENT IS ELECTED BY THE OTHER MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. ANYONE IN THE COMMUNITY CAN RUN FOR AND VOTE FOR SCHOOL BOARD MEMBERS.
Democracy (indirect), Unitary, Parliamentary

32. CLASSIFY USING ALL 3
SLUG IS THE STRONGEST AND IS CHARGE OF 3 CAVES SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE VALLEY, EACH MORE THAN 5 MILES FROM THE OTHER. HE IS LEADER BECAUSE HE IS STRONGEST. HOWEVER, OVER THE YEARS A GROUP OF TRUSTED ADVISORS HAVE EMERGED. SLUG STILL MAKES ALL THE DESICSIONS BUT IN EACH INDIVIDUAL CAVE HE HAS SOMEONE HE TRUSTS TO FOLLOW THROUGH ON HIS PLANS.
Dictatorship (autocracy), Unitary, Presidential

33. CLASSIFY BASED ON ALL 3 CRITERIA
THE FRATERNITY HAS 5 FLOORS, EACH FLOOR ELECTS A FLOOR LEADER WHO THEN COMBINE TO MAKE UP AN EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, THEY MAKE RULES FOR THE FRATERNITY. THE FRATERNITY MEMBERS ALSO ELECT A FRATERNITY DIRECTOR WHO MUST MAKE SURE THE RULES ARE BEING FOLLOWED, THE DIRECTOR MUST BE A JUNIOR OR SENIOR. EACH FLOOR HAS MONTHLY MEETINGS TO DISCUSS CONCERNS AND PROJECTS. ALL MEMBERS MAY VOTE FOR THEIR FLOOR LEADER AND FOR THE FRATERNITY DIRECTOR.
Democracy (indirect), Federal, Presidential

34. INSTRUCTIONAL GOAL
9/22 Objective
SWBAT EXPLAIN THE BASIC DEMOCRATIC CONCEPTS AND UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF EACH.

35. Warm Up / Classwork Activity
This will done on a blank sheet of paper in the classwork section of your notebook.
WRITE OUT YOUR OWN EXAMPLE OF A GOVERNMENT AND WE WILL CLASSIFY. MAKE SURE YOU CLEARLY COVER THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS WE LOOK AT TO CLASSIFY GOVERNMENTS. (You may add “un-essential” information to try and throw us off.)
Do NOT write the answer on this sheet
Put your name at the top

36. Classifications of Government
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEG/EX BRANCH
PRESIDENTIAL, PARLIMENTARY
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
UNITARY, FEDERAL, CONFEDERATE
WHO CAN PARTICIPATE
DEMOCRACY, DICTATORSHIP

37. BASIC CONCEPTS OF DEMOCRACY
1. WORTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL
2. EQUALITY OF ALL PERSONS
3. MAJORITY RULE / MINORITY RIGHTS
4. NECESSITY OF COMPROMISE
5. INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
LOCATED ON PAGES 18-20
(Individual Assignment)

38. 5 PRINCIPLES OF A DEMOCRACY
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5 PRINCIPLES OF A DEMOCRACY
WORTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL
EQUALITY OF ALL PERSONS
MAJORITY RULE, MINORITY RIGHTS
NECESSITY OF COMPROMISE
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS

39. WORTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL
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WORTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL
IF ALL PEOPLE CAN VOTE AND PARTICIPATE IN GOVERNMENT THEN WE MUST ALL HAVE WORTH.
IF ALL PEOPLE HAVE WORTH THEN THEY MUST BE REPRESENTED AND HAVE CHANCE TO PARTICIPATE.

40. EQUALITY OF ALL PERSONS
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EQUALITY OF ALL PERSONS
GOVERNMENT CAN NOT GUARENTEE THAT ALL WILL ACHIEVE EQUALLY BUT EACH MUST HAVE AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY.

41. MAJORITY RULE / MINORITY RIGHTS
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MAJORITY RULE / MINORITY RIGHTS
MAJORITY RULE INCREASES THE CHANCE OF GOOD DECISIONS THAT ARE ACCEPTABLE TO THE PEOPLE.
MINORITY RIGHTS ARE MOST OFTEN PROTECTED BY THE JUDICIAL BRANCH OF OUR GOVERNMENT. 41

42. NECESSITY OF COMPROMISE
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NECESSITY OF COMPROMISE
NOT EVERYONE IS TOTALLY HAPPY WITH COMPROMISE BUT NO ONE SHOULD BE TOTALLY UNHAPPY EITHER.

43. 06/08/10
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS
“THE RIGHT TO SWING MY FIST ENDS WHERE THE OTHER MAN’S NOSE BEGINS.”
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES
No one has absolute freedom,
That would be anarchy!

44. SUMMARY THESE 5 PRINCIPLES ARE ESSENTIAL TO A FUNCTIONING DEMOCRACY.
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SUMMARY
THESE 5 PRINCIPLES ARE ESSENTIAL TO A FUNCTIONING DEMOCRACY.
THEY HAVE BECOME THE CENTRAL POINTS OF OUR AMERICAN GOVERNMENT.
THE DEBATE CONTINUES AS TO THE INDIVIDUAL IMPORTANCE OF EACH.

45. PRINCIPALS OF DEMOCRACY PROJECT
SELECT PEOPLE TO BE IN A GROUP OR I WILL MAKE GROUPS FOR YOU.
YOU CAN HAVE NO MORE THAN 3 (or 4 depending on class size) PEOPLE.
DESIGNATE A ‘COMMUNICATOR’, GIVE THEM INDIVIDUAL DIRECTIONS, SEE ME WHEN ALL ARE FINISHED.

46. QUESTION 1
Which principle of democracy would you be willing to disregard and why?

47. Question 2
YOU ARE DIRECTING THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FOR A DAY, YOU HAVE 1 CHANCE TO CHANGE AND IMPROVE THE LIVES OF ALL AMERICANS, WHAT WOULD DO, HOW AND WHY?